20世纪50年代初尼泊尔实行议会民主制的背景初探  

A Preliminary Study of the Backgrounds of Parliamentary Democracy Adopted in Nepal in the Early 1950s

作　　者：王艳芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州科技学院人文学院,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《苏州科技学院学报（社会科学版）》2009年第4期97-103,共7页Journal of University of Science and Technology of Suzhou:Social Science

基　　金：教育部人文社科项目"20世纪中叶以来尼泊尔政体变迁研究"(08JA770026);江苏省高校人文项目"20世纪中叶以来尼泊尔政体变迁研究"(08SJB7700004)

摘　　要：20世纪50年代初,尼泊尔议会民主制的推行有着较为复杂的历史背景。20世纪上半叶印度激烈的反英斗争唤醒了尼泊尔人的政治民主意识,导致了以尼泊尔大会党为首的政治力量提出了推翻拉纳封建独裁政权、实现君主立宪制的政治民主化的目标;大权旁落、被长期架空的国王对民主党派的联合意向给予了积极回应,成为尼泊尔民主事业的支持者和民主力量凝聚的核心;而印度从自己的理想和国家利益出发,利用国大党与尼泊尔大会党之间的密切关系以及自己作为强邻的优势,成为尼泊尔政治变革的强有力的助推者甚至规划者。In the early 1950s, the historical backgrounds for the implementation of parliamentary democracy in Nepal was rather complex. India＇s fierce anti - British struggle in the first half of the 1900s was awakening Nepalese people＇s awareness of political democracy, resulting in an aim to overthrow the feudal autocratic Rana regime and to realize political democracy with the implementation of constitutional monarchy, put forward by the political parties headed by the Nepali Congress. The king of Nepal, who had been a puppet for a long time, was actively responding to democratic parties＇cooperative desires and demands, so he became an supporter of the democratic cause and the centre of the Nepali democratic forces as well; while India, on behalf of its own ideals and national interest, making use of the Indian National Congress＇ intimate relations with Nepali Congress and its superiority as a strong neighbor of Nepal, had become a strong broker, or even designer of the democratic revolution in Nepal.

关 键 词：尼泊尔 议会民主制 拉纳政权 印度 

分 类 号：K355.5[历史地理—历史学]