高粱属4种植物的核型及其与入侵性关系探讨  

Karyotypes of four species of Sorghum and their relationships with invasiveness.

作　　者：李娜[1,2] 印丽萍[2] 郭水良[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院,金华321004 [2]上海出入境检验检疫局 [3]上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院

出　　处：《植物检疫》2009年第6期6-9,共4页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：上海市科学技术标准专项(07DZ05020);国家质检总局科技计划项目(科研专项08-03;200810787)

摘　　要：对高粱属(Sorghum)4种植物假高粱(S.halepense)、黑高粱(S.almum)、高粱(S.bicolor)和苏丹草(S.sudanense)的染色体数目和核型进行了研究。结果表明,假高粱的核型公式为2n=4x=40=28m+12sm,属2B型,核型不对称系数为59.92%;黑高粱的核型公式为2n=4x=40=32m+8 sm,属1B型,核型不对称系数为58.68%。苏丹草的核型公式为2n=2x=20=18m+2sm,属1A型,核型不对称系数为55.56%;高粱的核型公式为2n=2x=20=16m+4sm,属2A型,核型不对称系数为57.95%。与高粱和苏丹草两种作物相比,具有入侵性的假高粱和黑高粱为多倍体、核型不对称性程度更高。Karyomorphology of four species of the genus Sorghum were studied. Their karyotype formulae are as follows： S. halepense, 2n = 4x = 40 = 28m ＋12sm （2Btype）; S. almum, 2n = 4x = 40 = 32m ＋ 8sin （1Btype）; S. sudanense,2n = 2x = 20 = 18m ＋ 2sin （1Atype）; S. bicolor, 2n = 2x = 20 = 16m ＋ 4sm （2A type）, their coefficients of karyotype asymmetry are 59.92%, 58.68%, 55.56% and 57.95%, re- spectively. The two crop species, S. bicolor and S. sudanense, are of diploid with lower asymmetry, while the other two species with invasiveness, S. halepense and S. almum are polyploidy with higller asymmetry.

关 键 词：高粱 苏丹草 假高粱 黑高粱 核型分析 

分 类 号：S41[农业科学—植物保护] S451