小沙丁鱼属鱼类Cytb序列的比较分析  

Sequence Analysis of Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene in Four Sardinella Species

作　　者：杨天燕[1,2] 高天翔[1] 郭焱 孟玮[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]新疆水产科学研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《水产科学》2009年第11期639-643,共5页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2006AA09Z418);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2005CB422306)

摘　　要：对小沙丁鱼属中的青鳞小沙丁鱼、裘氏小沙丁鱼、金色小沙丁鱼、天立体小沙丁鱼线粒体细胞色素b基因部分序列（402bp）进行测定，并比较分析了种间的序列差异。10尾样品中共检测到9种单倍型。同源基因序列分析显示T、C、A、G碱基的平均含量分别为：28．9％、28．2％、23．9％、19．0％，其中A＋T含量高于G＋C含量，与其他鱼类同源序列碱基特点相似。利用Kimura-2模型分析得到种间遗传距离为0．1616-0．2653，基于Cytb基因片段序列，构建的NJ树显示青鳞小沙丁鱼与裘氏小沙丁鱼亲缘关系较近，短体小沙丁鱼与金色小沙丁鱼亲缘关系较近。依据分子进化速率推测4种小沙丁鱼发生分歧的时间约为800万年到1300万年前的中新世中、晚期，略早于其他鱼类。The mitochondrial cytochrome b gene fragment （402 bp） of four Sardinella species were amplilied and sequenced with the method of PCR, and the differences in the sequences were analyzed. Nine haplotypes were observed in ten samples. The average contents of T, C, A, and G were 28.9%, 28.2%,23.9% ,and 19.0%, respectively and the content of A＋T was higher than that of G＋C which was similar to the sequences of the other fishes. By the Kimura 2-parameter model, the genetic distances were found to change from 0. 1616 to 0. 2653. Based on sequences of partial cytochrome b gene, a phylogenetie tree by NJ method indicated that the Sardinella zunasi and S. jussieu, S. rnaderensis and S. aurita had a relatively close relationship, respectively. Molecular evolution rate showed that the divergence of four Sardinella species occurred during the middle and late Miocene about 800 to 1300 million years ago,indicating that the divergence time was earlier than the other fishes.

关 键 词：青鳞小沙丁鱼 裘氏小沙丁鱼 金色小沙丁鱼 短体小沙丁鱼 细胞色素B基因 序列差异 

分 类 号：Q349.2[生物学—遗传学]