岷江上游3种亚高山森林土壤蓄水和渗透能力比较  

Comparison of Water Conversation and Permeable Capacity in Three Subalpine Forest Soils in the Upper Min River

作　　者：姚健[1] 薛建辉[1] 王丁[1] 吴尧 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学江苏省林业生态工程重点实验室,南京210037 [2]上海市林业总站

出　　处：《林业科技开发》2009年第6期44-47,共4页China Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重大基础研究发展计划(编号:2002CB111501)

摘　　要：分析比较了岷江上游川滇高山栎林、岷江冷杉林和灌竹林3种森林植被类型土壤水文特征：结果表明不同林地在土壤容重、持水能力和渗透性方面都存在差异.不同林地的最大持水力受土壤的厚度、总孔隙度大小的影响，最大持水力范围变化在445．50～657．30mm之间，穗渗速率在10．97～13．79mm／min之间：整个土壤剖面的容重平均值排列为：高山栎林（1．10g／cm^3）〉岷江冷杉林（1．03g／cm^3）〉灌竹林（0．71g／cm^3）.土壤总孔隙度的平均值从大到小排序为：灌竹林（65．73％）〉岷江冷杉林（60．44％）〉高山栎林（51．76％）。主成分分析结果显示，高山栎林土壤的涵养水源功能最强，研究结果以期为岷江上游生态屏障建设参考.The soil and hydrological characteristics in the three typical subatpine forest communities, Abies faxonian forest, Quercus aquifolioide forest and shrub-bamboo forest in the upper reaches of Min River were analyzed in this paper. The results indicated tbat the soil bulk density, water holding capacity and permeability were different between the subalphine iorest commtmities. The water holding capacity was influenced by the soil depth and the total porosity and ranged from 445.50 to 657.30 mm in the forest communities studied while the stable permeability coefficient was ranged from 10.97 to 13.79 mm/min. The average soil bulk density of the whole soil profile was showed as the order of Quercus aquifolioide forest （ 1.10 g/cm^3 ） 〉 Abiesfaxonian forest （ 1.03 g/cm^3 ） 〉 shrub-bamboo forest （0.71 g/cm^3 ） , while the average soil total porosity was ranged as the order of shrub-bamboo forest （65. 726% ） 〉 Abies faxonian forest （60.44%） 〉 Quercus aquifolioide forest （51. 761% ）. By the principal component analysis, it was found that water-holding function in the Quercus aquifolioide forest was the best in the three subalphine forest communities in the Upper Min River.

关 键 词：岷江上游 森林土壤 涵养水源 

分 类 号：S718.541[农业科学—林学] S727.21