铝合金/不锈钢钨极氩弧熔-钎焊接头界面层的微观结构分析  

MICROSTRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF INTERFACIAL LAYER WITH TUNGSTEN INERT GAS WELDING-BRAZING JOINT OF ALUMINUM ALLOY/STAINLESS STEEL

作　　者：林三宝[1] 宋建岭[1] 杨春利[1] 马广超[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学现代焊接生产技术国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《金属学报》2009年第10期1211-1216,共6页Acta Metallurgica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目50874033;中国机械工程学会焊接学会创新思路预研奖学金A类课题项目资助~~

摘　　要：运用OM,SEM和EDS分析了铝合金/不锈钢TIG熔-钎焊接头界面层的结构特征,并通过微压痕和SEM原位拉伸实验测试了其力学性能.研究结果表明:界面处形成了厚度不均一的锯齿状金属间化合物层,厚度为4—9μm,满足界面层的要求(≤10μm);界面反应层包括两类化合物层,即焊缝一侧的τ5层和钢基体一侧θ+η+τ5层,在界面处首先形成τ5相,抑制了粗大枝晶状θ+η二元相的生长.微压痕测试得出:τ5层平均硬度值为HV1025,θ+η+τ5层硬度值为HV835.τ5层压痕处产生裂纹,表明τ5相是一种硬脆相.SEM原位拉伸实验显示,界面层起裂于θ+η相,在外力作用下沿θ+η+τ5层迅速开裂,界面层抗拉强度达到120 MPa.Against the background of the required weight reduction in transportation through lightweight construction,the application of hybrid structures,where aluminum alloy and steel are jointed together,has a high technical and economical potential.But jointing of material combinations of aluminum alloy and steel is problematic by fusion welding since brittle intermetallic compounds （IMCs） are formed between aluminum alloy and steel.Nowadays,tungsten inert gas（TIG） welding-brazing offers a great potential for aluminum alloy and steel jointing.In this process,the sheet and filler metal are heated or melted by TIG heat,and the joint has a dual characteristic：in aluminum alloy side it is a welding joint,while in steel side it is a brazing joint.However,in the dynamic heating process,the heating temperature changes so quickly and the reaction time between the liquid filler metal and solid steel is so short that it is more difficult to control the IMC layer＇s growth,predominantly its thickness and microstructures.Most of past reports about the brazing of aluminum alloy and steel indicate Al-Fe binary IMC layers,e.g.,Fe_2Al_5 and FeAl_3,formed in the brazing joint,which are detrimental to the mechanical properties of the joint.Si additions are used to limit the growth of the brittle Al-Fe IMC layer between aluminum alloy and steel by replacing Al-Fe phases with less detrimental Al-Fe-Si phases in aluminizing and furnace brazing of aluminum alloy and steel.By now,there have been few reports of investigating the interfacial layer of TIG welding-brazing joint of aluminum alloy and stainless steel.In this paper,a butt TIG welding-brazing joint of aluminum alloy/stainless steel was formed using Al-Si eutectic filler wire with modified Noclock flux precoated on a steel surface.The microstructure characteristics of the welded seam-steel interfacial layer were analyzed by OM,SEM and EDS and its mechanical properties were measured by dynamic ultra-microhardness tester and SEM in situ tensile tester.The results show that a

关 键 词：铝合金 不锈钢 钨极氩弧熔-钎焊 界面层 金属间化合物 

分 类 号：TG457.1[金属学及工艺—焊接]