赤潮多发区深圳湾叶绿素a的时空分布及其影响因素  

The spatial and temporal distribution of chlorophyll a and the influencing factors in Shenzhen Bay with frequent occurrence of red tide

作　　者：张瑜斌[1] 章洁香[1] 张才学[1] 周凯 孙省利[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学海洋资源与环境监测中心,广东湛江524088 [2]深圳市海洋与渔业环境监测站,广东深圳518049

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2009年第5期1638-1643,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：广东省自主创新重大科技专项(2007A032600004);深圳市海洋局资助项目

摘　　要：于2008年2月至2008年11月分四个季度调查了赤潮多发区深圳湾叶绿素a的时空分布,并分析了叶绿素a与主要环境因子之间的关系。结果表明,深圳湾叶绿素a质量浓度范围为3.07～309.94mg·m-3,年平均值为42.29mg·m-3。四季叶绿素a平均质量浓度由高到低排列分别为:春季(108.33mg·m-3)>夏季(35.2mg·m-3)>秋季(16.68mg·m-3)>冬季(8.96mg·m-3)。叶绿素a的质量浓度在冬季和春季呈现由湾内向湾外递减的分布特征,而夏季和秋季呈现由西岸向东岸递减的分布特征,整体则呈现由湾内向湾外递减的分布特征。相关分析显示深圳湾叶绿素a与水温、COD、TOC、PO43--P和浮游植物密度因子显著正相关,与DIN因子极显著正相关,说明叶绿素a与水温、DIN、PO43--P、COD、TOC和浮游植物密度之间有着比其它因子更为密切的关系。以叶绿素a作为富营养化评价标准,发现深圳湾海域富营养化严重,存在随时爆发赤潮的潜在风险。From Feb. to Nov. 2008,spatial and temporal distribution of concentration of chlorophyll a were surveyed in four seasons in Shenzhen Bay,and the relationship was analyzed between Chlorophyll-a and main environmental factors. In Shenzhen Bay,the concentration of chlorophyll-a ranged from 3.07 mg·m^-3 to 309.94 mg·m^-3,with an annual average of 42.29 mg·m^-3. The highest av-erage concentration of chlorophyll-a was found in spring （108.33 mg·m^-3）,followed by that in summer （35.2 mg·m^-3）,autumn （16.68 mg·m^-3） and winter （8.96 mg·m^-3） in turn. The concentration of Chlorophyll-a decreased from inner bay to outside bay in winter and spring,while in summer and autumn it decreased from west coast to east coast. The average concentration of Chlorophyll-a declined from inner bay to outside bay throughout the year in this investigation. Correlation analysis showed significant positive correlation between the concentration of Chlorophyll-a and water temperature,COD,TOC,PO4^3--P,phytoplankton abundance and DIN in Shenzhen Bay,indicating there was close relationship between Chlorophyll-a and these environmental factors. The water body was in serious eutrophication in Shenzhen Bay with the chlorophyll a as assessment criteria implying potential risks of outbreak of red tide at any moment.

关 键 词：叶绿素A 深圳湾 时空分布 环境因子 

分 类 号：Q178.531[生物学—水生生物学] X171.1[生物学—普通生物学]