作物地上部氨排放及对大气氮沉降的吸收  

Ammonia emission and uptake of atmospheric nitrogen deposition of cropshoots

作　　者：谢迎新[1,2] 张淑利[1] 赵旭[2] 邢光熹[2] 颜晓元[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学//国家小麦工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450002 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所//土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2009年第5期1929-1932,共4页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(30390080);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX2-YW-312)

摘　　要：为研究作物地上部分氨排放以及对大气氮沉淀的吸收情况,以水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种武运粳7号和小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)品种扬麦15为例,在盆栽条件下,利用15N同位素示踪技术,采用探索性的研究方法,初步分析了水稻成熟期植株NH3排放和小麦植株直接吸收的大气沉降氮。结果表明,土培的水稻品种武运粳7号地上部植株成熟期排放氨氮(NH3-N)量约占当季总施氮(N)量的(0.50±0.21)%;收获后水稻植株不同部位15N丰度值以根部最高,茎叶次之,籽粒最低,这与植株体内养分的运移顺序变化一致;贫化15N小麦砂培试验测定的包括植株直接吸收在内的大气氮沉降数量为N(14.8±4.3)kg·hm-2,低于国外类似方法以其它作物作为研究对象的测定结果。In total,a rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivar Wuyunjing 7 and a common wheat（Triticum aestivum L.） cultivar Yangmai 15 were used to evaluate ammonia emission from rice shoots and uptake of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in wheat plants in pot experiment by the techniques of ^15N isotope tracer and method of exploratory anylysis. Results showed that the amount of ammonia （NH3） emission from shoot parts of rice accounted for approximate （0.50±0.21）% of fertilizer N application in the whole growth period,based on soil culture experiment. After harvesting of Wuyunjing 7,^15N content of its grain,stem,leave and root were measured,respectively,and root presented the highest ^15N content while grain presented the lowest ^15N content among them,which is consistent with the order of nutrient transportation from root to grain. Based on sand culture in pot experiment with depleted ^15N,the amount of uptake of atmospheric N deposition including direct uptake by wheat plant reached （14.8±4.3）kg·hm^-2,which was slightly lower than previous reports with similar methods but different plant species.

关 键 词：水稻 小麦 植株NH3排放 大气氮沉降 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]