崇明岛不同典型功能区表层土壤中有机氯农药分布及风险评价  

Distribution and Ecological Risk Evaluation of Organochlorine Pesticides in Surface Soils from Different Land Use Areas in Chongming Island

作　　者：潘静[1] 杨永亮[1] 何俊[1] 朱晓华[1] 路国慧[1] 刘晓端[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院生态地球化学重点开放实验室国家地质实验测试中心,北京100037

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2009年第11期2286-2292,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40773010);科技部国际合作项目(2006DFA21280);中国地质调查局项目(06-D3-81)

摘　　要：通过测定崇明岛不同功能区(农场、普通农业区、城镇和自然保护区)表层土壤样品中的有机氯农药(OCPs),对其残留现状、来源和潜在生态风险状况进行研究。结果表明,不同功能区土壤中OCPs残留水平为农场(39.2 ng.g-1)>普通农业区(8.0 ng.g-1)>城镇区(6.7 ng.g-1)>自然保护区(4.7 ng.g-1)。与HCHs相比,DDTs残留污染要较高一些。不同功能地区土壤中HCHs没有新的污染源,而DDTs则仍有少量新污染源输入。农场(前进农场、富民农场)和城镇(堡镇长江边湿地)表层土壤中DDTs对鸟类和生物具有一定的生态风险,而普通农业区和自然保护区土壤中DDTs对该地区鸟类生态风险则较低。Surface soils from typical types of different land use such as farms, agricuhural areas, residential areas, and national natural reserves in Chongming Island were collected and analyzed for organochlorine pesticides （OCPs）. The residue conditions and ecological risk evaluation of OCPs were preliminarily studied. Compared with residue levels of OCPs in the other parts of Yangtze River Delta area, the distribution characteristics and sources were also discussed. The contamination levels of OCPs were in the order： farms（ 39.2 ng· g^-1 ）〉agricuhural areas（8.0 ng· g^-1 ）〉residential areas（6.7 ng· g^-1 ）〉national natural reserves（4.7 ng· g^-1 ）. DDTs showed higher residue level than that of HCHs in the studied area. There are no new contamination sources for HCHs, while there are still a little of new input for DDTs. There was certain risk of DDTs to birds and soil organism in some farm soils（e.g. Qianjin farm and Fumin farm） and residential areas （e.g. Baozhen wetland along Yangtze River）. While the ecological risk of DDTs was light in soils from agricultural areas and national natural reserves.

关 键 词：表层土壤 有机氯农药 生态风险 崇明岛 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]