农业有机废弃物发酵CO_2施肥对大棚番茄产量及品质的影响  

Effects of CO_2 enrichment by fermentation of agricultural organic wastes on the yield and quality of tomato in the greenhouse

作　　者：樊琳[1] 都韶婷[2] 黄利东[1] 陈一定[3] 章永松[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院教育部环境修复与生态健康重点实验室/浙江省亚热带土壤与植物营养重点实验室,浙江杭州310029 [2]浙江工商大学环境科学与工程学院,浙江杭州310035 [3]浙江省农业厅,浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2009年第6期626-632,共7页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30871590);国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2009CB119003);浙江省重大科技专项资助项目(2008C12061-1);浙江省三农五方"科技协作计划资助项目

摘　　要：以鲜猪粪和稻草为发酵原料,研究农业有机废弃物发酵进行大棚CO2施肥对番茄生长、产量和品质的影响.结果表明:农业有机废弃物发酵CO2施肥可显著促进番茄植株的生长,提高番茄单株结果数和单果质量,总产提高43.8%,上市时间提早15d,前期产量比对照增加220%,总收益增加68.8%,净收益增加66.1%.处理棚番茄果实不但外观色泽亮丽、充实度高、口感好,而且可溶性糖、可溶性固形物和维生素C含量以及糖/酸比指标等均有显著改善,硝酸盐含量明显降低.因此,该项技术有望开辟一条既可解决大棚CO2亏缺和大量有机废弃物对环境的污染,又能通过提高作物产量和改善品质,使农民取得良好经济效益的安全农产品生产的全新之路.A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of CO2 enrichment by fermentation of organic wastes （swine feces and rice straw） on the growth, yield and quality of tomato （Lycopersicon esculentum Mill cv. Jinpeng） in the greenhouses. The results show that CO2 enrichment could promote significantly tomato growth and increase fruit number and single fruit mass, resulting in 15 days predated for harvest, and the increases of total yield, post-harvested yield, total income and net income by 43.8%, 220%, 68.8% and 66.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the quality of tomato fruit was obviously improved by CO2 enrichment, of which the color of appearance, plumpness and taste of the fruit were much better than that of the control. Besides, the contents of soluble sugar, vitamin C, soluble solid and sugar/acid ratio were significantly increased, while nitrate content was decreased. In conclusion, CO2 enrichment via the fermentation of agricultural organic wastes in greenhouses provides a new strategy for safe agricultural production, which not only solves CO2 deficiency in the greenhouse and thereby bring high economic benefits to farmers, but also minimizes the organic wastes pollution to the environment.

关 键 词：农业有机废弃物 发酵 CO2施肥 番茄 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]