兔急性肺血栓栓塞模型建立及右心室压和心电图监测  

Establishment of Rabbit's Acute Pulmonary Thromboembolism Model and Measurement of Right Ventricle Tension and Electrocardiogram

作　　者：吕翠平[1] 杨慧[2] 董小黎[2] 

机构地区：[1]华北煤炭医学院组胚教研室,唐山063000 [2]首都医科大学病理教研室,北京100069

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2009年第11期27-30,I0005,共5页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

基　　金：北京市教育委员会科技发展计划面上项目(课题号:KM200710025006)

摘　　要：目的建立操作简便,存活率高的急性肺动脉血栓栓塞(acute pulmonary thromboembolism,APTE)模型并监测右心室压及心电图,为研究肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE)的病理生理及临床诊断治疗提供实验基础。方法兔麻醉后,经右侧颈总静脉插管至右心室观察正常右心室压。然后经此导管注入4个直径2 mm、长5 mm的长柱状自体血栓栓子建立兔急性PE模型。10只PE兔监测右心室压及心电图至栓塞后80 min。过量麻醉处死动物,取肺脏固定做病理检查。结果右心室导管的插管成功率92.45%,平均右心室正常压力(32.69±8.32)mmHg。PE模型的栓塞率100%,存活率87.76%。模型建立后右心室压平均增高(6.75±6.82)mmHg,51.35%出现异常心电图波形。结论1.兔正常右心室压为(32.69±8.32)mmHg。2.自体血栓栓子经颈静脉入口右心室注入法建立兔急性PE模型存活率高,右心室压可作为判断急性PE模型成功建立的指标。3.仅部分PE出现心电图异常,心电图异常不能作为判断兔PE的指标。Objective To establish rabbit＇s acute pulmonary thromboembolism （APTE） model and to measure the right ventricle tension and electrocardiogram. To afford experimental basis for studying pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of APTE. Methods After anaesthesia, plug catheter into rabbit＇s right ventricle through right jugular vein to observe normal right ventricle tension. Establishment of acute PE model in rabbits： The emboli were made of blood clot taking from the rabbits＇ themselves ear border veins with cylindrical shape and with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 5 mm. The PE models were induced by injecting four emboli through jugular vein catheterization into pulmonary arteries. In ten PE rabbits, 80 min （begin from the establishment of PE model） was selected to continuously observe the right ventricle tension with Pclab-UE collection and manage system of life-form signal and electrocardiogram. Then, put rabbits to death by over anaesthesia, fixed-up the lungs and observed the pathological changes. Results The successful rate of catheterization was up to 92.45 %, the mean value of normal right ventricle tension was （32.69± 8.32）mmHg. The rate of the pulmonary embolism was 100%, while the survival rate after PE was 87.76%. After injecting the emboli, the elevation of right ventricle tension was observed in all rabbits, the mean value of elevation was （6.75 ± 6.82）mmHg with statistical significance by paired t-test. After emboli, the abnormal electrocardiogram was observed in about 51.35% rabbits. Conclusions 1. rabbit＇s normal right ventricle tension is（32.69 ± 8.32）mmHg. 2. High survival rate of acute rabbit＇s PE model is acquired by injecting antologous thrombus emboli through right jugular vein. The right ventricle tension can be used to judge the successful establishment of PE model. 3. Electrocardiogram abnormality shows only in part PE rabbits, it can＇t be used to judge the rabbits＇ PE.

关 键 词：兔 肺栓塞 右心室压 心电图 

分 类 号：R543.2[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R540.4[医药卫生—内科学]