局部垄断是对中国流通产业组织的概括分析——答毛伟博士的质疑  

Partial Monopoly is General Analysis to Chinese Industrial Organization of Circulation——And An Answer to Doctor Mao Wei

作　　者：何大安[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学经济学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《学术月刊》2009年第11期11-17,共7页Academic Monthly

基　　金：浙江省高校人文社会科学(金融学)重点研究基地(浙教高科[2008]255号)的资助

摘　　要：流通产业是一个竞争充分的行业,讨论流通领域的垄断现象可以这种充分竞争为分析前提。基于流通产业与其他产业的不同,如果把这一研究置于西方产业组织理论的分析框架,将会限制学人对流通产业作出新的理论认知,从而不能揭示出流通产业组织的运行特征。中国流通产业组织的垄断现象在相当大的程度和范围内受体制转轨的影响,将局部垄断看成是中国流通产业组织运行的一种特征,需要在理论上对竞争和垄断作出一些分析取舍,需要对垄断类型作出一定的概括。自然垄断概念的分析运用不应被基础或公用产业的研究所独占,流通产业的规模经济或成本约束有着不同于其他产业的规定性,将非人为垄断界定为自然垄断,从而将自然垄断和行政垄断的结合理解为中国流通产业的局部垄断,有利于从制度安排角度对中国流通产业的垄断现象作出描述。Mr. Mao Wei criticized my paper ＂Partial Monopoly in Chinese Industrial Organization of Circulation＂. To a great extent, it reflects the analysis framework and tendency of Western industry organization theory to the problem of circulation industry monopoly. Mao Wei can＇t understand that circulation industry is competitive, and discussing the phenomenon in circulation area can be based on complete competition. Circulation industry is not the same as other industry, and if we use Western industry organization theory, we will be restricted to well understand circulation industry with new theory and can＇t find out the character of industry organization of circulation. The monopoly phenom- enon of Chinese industry organization of circulation is more influenced by system transformation. If we look ＂partial monopoly＂ as the character of Chinese industry organization of circulation, we should generalize the type of monopoly, and the concept of natural monopoly should not be only used to analyze base and public industry research. Economies of scale or committed costs of circulation industry are different with other industry. Defining no-human monopoly as natural monopoly, and defining the combination of administration monopoly and natural monopoly of Chinese circulation industry＇s partial monopoly are benefit to describe the phenomenon of Chinese circulation industry from institution arrangement.

关 键 词：流通产业 局部垄断 竞争 制度 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]