颗粒特征尺寸对爆炸驱动惰性金属颗粒运动的影响  

Influence of Characteristic Dimension upon Movement of Explosion-Driven Inert Metal Particles

作　　者：刘意[1,2] 王仲琦[1,2] 陈翰[1,2] 白春华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学 [2]爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《科技导报》2009年第22期48-53,共6页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(10772032);总装备部预研重点基金项目(9140A05080507BQ0156)

摘　　要：在炸药中添加惰性金属颗粒,形成一种特殊的非均质炸药。当炸药爆炸后,惰性颗粒在爆炸产物及爆轰波的驱动下,颗粒能达到较大的速度,对一定方向和范围内的目标造成毁伤效应。由于惰性颗粒在空气中存速能力较差,速度很快衰减,因此可以有效控制颗粒飞散距离。颗粒在炸药中的位置、颗粒的形状以及颗粒抛撒速度对颗粒运动过程和抛撒范围的研究具有重要作用。基于有限元分析软件AUTODYN,建立炸药爆轰驱动单颗粒惰性金属颗粒模型,对炸药爆轰驱动不同位置惰性金属颗粒以及颗粒不同特征尺寸的最大初速度进行计算,对计算结果进行了分析,得到了以上参数对颗粒抛撒初速度的影响及抛散初速度的宏观规律。计算结果为研究爆轰驱动粒子群机制提供了重要的理论依据。The charge made of a mixture of explosive and dense inert metal particles is a kind of special heterogeneous explosive. After explosion, the particles driven by the explosion will reach a high speed, and can destroy the target in a certain direction and range. As the speed of inert metal particles decreases quickly, the flying distance of the particles can effectively be controlled. Reducing the amount of explosives can reduce the power of blast. Therefore, the destruction area can thus be controlled. In order to effectively control the destruetion area and distance of the inert particles, we must know more about the movement of the particles in the explosion. The positions and shapes of particles in the explosive are very important in the dispersal mechanism. With the finite element code AUTODYN, a model of detonation driven single metal partiele is established. Numerical simulations and comparative analyses are carried out, to study the movement of particles with different initial positions, radii and shapes. The analytical results provide some information on dense inert metal explosives.

关 键 词：特征尺寸 爆轰 惰性颗粒 有限元 

分 类 号：TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工]