中国环境污染排放的空间公平性评价  

Evaluation on spatial fairness of environmental pollution emissions in China

作　　者：杨振[1] 王佳[1] 叶护平[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第3期490-494,共5页Journal of Central China Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：华中师范大学人文社会科学"丹桂"计划项目

摘　　要：对环境污染排放实行总量控制并保证其空间公平性,是改善环境质量、实现区际和谐发展的重要条件.借鉴评价收入公平性的指标——基尼系数的内涵,提出环境污染基尼系数和人口(经济)—污染空间一致性系数的概念,发展了一种评估环境污染排放空间公平性的方法.以1995年～2006年的中国环境污染排放为例,分别计算了基于人口和GDP的工业废水、工业废气和工业固体废物的污染基尼系数与人口(经济)—污染空间一致性系数.分析结果表明,中国环境污染排放的空间差异较小,总体上处于相对公平状态,不公平因子既有沿海省份也有内陆省份.对环境污染排放的空间公平性进行评价研究,可以为国家实行差别化的环境经济政策提供依据.To improve the environmental quality and actualize the harmonious development between provinces, controlling environmental pollution emission and ensuring its spatial fairness are significant conditions. Based on the connotation of Gini coefficient, an indicator which evaluates income＇s fairness, this paper advances environmental pollution Gini coefficient and population （economy）- pollution consistency coefficient, and develops a method evaluating on spatial fairness of the environmental pollution emissions. Taking the environmental pollution emissions in China from 1995 to 2006 as an example, we respectively calculated Gini coefficient of environmental pollution （industrial waste water, waste and solid waste） and population （ economy） -- pollution consistency coefficient. The results show that the spatial difference of environmental pollution emissions in China is smaller and under relatively fair condition on the whole. Unfair factors include both coastal provinces, and inland provinces. Evaluating on spatial fairness of the environmental pollution emissions can provide some reference for practicing the nuanced environment-economic policy.

关 键 词：空间公平性 环境污染基尼系数 空间一致性系数 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]