苯作业工人防护知识和行为调查  

INVESTIGATION ON PREVENTION KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE FOR BENZENE WORKERS

作　　者：沈福海[1,2] 肖淑玉[3] 周智[1,2] 崔风涛[1,2] 范雪云[1,2] 姚三巧[1,2] 苏胜金[1,2] 潘兴富[1,2] 张敏[1,2] 李爱华[1,2] 倪国颖[4] 

机构地区：[1]华北煤炭医学院预防医学系,唐山063000 [2]河北省煤矿卫生与安全实验室 [3]唐山市疾病预防控制中心 [4]唐山市卫生监督所

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第23期4435-4437,4439,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：苯及其代谢产物所致细胞损伤的信号转导机制研究(河北省教育厅Z2006113)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨苯作业工人的接苯工龄、性别、学历、工种等方面对防护知识和防护行为的影响及是否有进行健康教育和健康促进的必要性,明确进行健康教育和健康促进的重点。[方法]采用自行设计的《苯作业工人防护知识态度、行为调查问卷》对唐山市某厂苯作业工人进行普查;应用stata统计分析软件分析接苯工龄、性别、学历、工种等方面对防护知识和行为的影响。[结果]男女之间工作时面具、手套使用率的差异有统计学意义,男女苯作业工人工作时面具使用率分别为73.0%和46.3%;手套使用率分别为82.0%和64.0%。不同学历工人对苯进入人体途径的了解程度的差异有统计学意义,高学历组、低学历组知晓率分别为81.4%和70.5%。油漆工面具使用率为65.7%,手套使用率为77.8%,对苯进入人体途径知晓率为81.8%,均高于其他工种,差异有统计学意义。不同接苯工龄的工人对防护知识的了解及防护行为的采取没有统计学差异。[结论]本次调查结果显示苯作业工人对防护知识的了解及防护行为的采取普遍不好,应加强对苯作业工人的健康教育,特别是对女工的健康教育。[Objective] To study the prevention knowledge and practice of benzene workers and to explore whether there is the need for health education and health promotion in order to find out the emphasis of health education and health promotion. [ Methods] Investigated benzene workers by using the questionnaire designed by ourselves. The workers were from one factory in Tangshan City. Analyzed the effective factors including the type of work, the time exposed to benzene, sex, and exposure degree by using Stata statistical software. [ Results] There were statistical differences on the rates of using gloves and masks between men and women. The rates of using masks were 73.0% and 46.3% respectively. The rates of using gloves were 82.0% and 64.0%, respectively. There was statistical difference between workers with different education background. The rates of the high and low education group were 81.4% and 70.5%, respectively. The rates of using masks and gloves in painters were 65.7% and 77.8%, respectively and the awareness rate about the absorption ways of benzene was 81.8%. They were at higher risk of exposure to benzene than other workers. There was statistical significance. But the working period was not the impact factor for prevention knowledge and practice. [ Conclusion ] This investigation indicated that the prevention knowledge and practice was low. It needs health education and health promotion for workers exposed to benzene, especially for women.

关 键 词：苯 苯作业工人 防护知识和行为 健康教育 健康促进 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]