汶川大地震后大学生应急能力及志愿服务意愿调查  

A SURVEY OF EMERGENCY RESPONSE CAPABILITY AND VOLUNTARY INCLINATION AFTER WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS

作　　者：李玲[1] 廖邦华[1] 赵宇亮[1] 余钰[1] 李典典[1] 陈华[1] 陈小龙[1] 贾留群[1] 王晗[1] 廖明恒[1] 刘嘉铭[1] 苏真珍[1] 谢雪璐[1] 李舍予[1] 黄进[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西临床医学院/华西医院,成都610041 [2]中国循证医学中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2009年第23期4490-4493,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解汶川地震后大学生自然灾害应急能力及灾后志愿服务参与情况,为加强大学生灾害应急教育、促进灾后志愿活动开展提供决策建议。[方法]方便抽样方法抽取1%四川大学在校大学生为调查对象,采取面对面访谈的方式用自制问卷表进行调查。采用Epidata 3.0对数据进行录入,运用SPSS13.0对数据进行统计分析。[结果]发放问卷527份,回收有效问卷517份,有效回收率98.10%。大学生在各种自然灾害发生时能够采取正确逃生方式的比例为73.1%～91.9%,36.1%的大学生表示不了解自然灾害应急避险的基本知识,31.5%的大学生表示在自然灾害发生时不能够灵活运用运用平时学到的应急知识。性别和年级是影响大学生灾害认识水平的重要因素(P值分别为0.038、0.015),逃生训练和灾害课程是影响大学生灾害知识运用的重要因素(P值分别为0.048、0.034),同时,逃生训练和灾害知识认识水平是大学生志愿者参与意愿的影响因素(P值分别为0.008、0.032)。[结论]大学生灾害认识和逃生技能总体掌握情况较好,参加灾后志愿服务积极性较高;学校教育并非大学生获取自然灾害应急知识的最主要途径,高校灾害教育急需创新。现行高校灾害教育缺乏系统的灾害逃生训练课程,大学生缺乏志愿服务领域的相关知识,学校要因势利导,使学生灾后志愿活动高效、安全、广泛地开展起来。[Objective]To get a view of the emergency response capability to natural disaster and the situation of post-earthquake volunteer service participation in Wenchuan earthquake. And also, to provide advices to emphasize on the disaster emergency response education and promote post-earthquake voluntary activity. [Methods] We selected 1% students of Sichuan University by convenience sample method. The investigation was conducted by face to face talk with a self-designed questionnaire. The results were analyzed with Epidata3.0, SPSS13.0 software. [Results] The total number of questionnaires distributed was 527, among which 517 were validly retrieved （98.10%） .The proportion of the college students investigated who could take proper actions for survival when different kinds of disasters happened was from 73.1%to 91.9%. However, 36.1% of students admitted that they were lack of the basic knowledge of disaster emergency response.35.1% college students reflected that they cannot apply knowledge learned in daily life to practice flexibly and calmly when the disaster actually took place. For college students, the gender and age were the two important factors affecting the level of understanding to disaster （P=0.038, 0.015）. The survival training and courses on disasters played important roles in influencing the knowledge application （ P=0.048, 0.034）. Meanwhile, the willingness to participation of voluntary work was affected by the amount of survival training and education the students received. （P=0.008, P=0.032）. [Conclusion] Generally speaking, college students have a good grasp of basic knowledge of natural disasters and survival skills. College students have a high willingness to provide post-earthquake volunteer service. So far, high school course is not the most important way to provide students the disaster emergency response knowledge, and the education of disaster in the college is in urgent need of breaking the pattern and innovation. As the present colleges lack systematic survival training course

关 键 词：汶川 地震 大学生 自然灾害 应急能力 志愿者 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]