秦岭中段天然油松林生态种对和功能群划分  

Classification of Ecological Twin Species and Plant Functional Type for Natural Pinus tabulaeformis Forests in Middle Part of Qinling Mountains

作　　者：蔺雨阳[1] 王得祥[1] 雷瑞德[1] 雍小华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学,杨凌712100

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2009年第11期46-51,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家科技部项目(2007FY110800);秦岭生态站及其所在省区森林生态质量状况评估技术项目(2006BAD03A0702/wb04)资助

摘　　要：利用20个野外调查的样地资料,分析了油松天然林主要种群种间联结及其生态位重叠特征,结果表明,秦岭中段油松天然林生态种对有8个:山杨—栓皮栎、秦岭木姜子—黄连木、光皮桦—青杄、色木槭—刺叶栎、色木槭—铁杉、盐肤木—槲栎、梾木—少脉椴、桦叶四蕊槭—青榨槭。在此基础上,利用聚类分析结果结合种群的生态位特征,将该区油松天然林划分为4个生态种组,其中油松独立成为了生态关键种的种组。结合生态种对,把第4个生态种组近一步划分为4个功能群:"广泛伴生种"、"嗜热物种"、"嗜湿物种"和"潜在建群种",各功能群都具有明显的生态过程(主要是物理过程和生物过程),能帮助解释物种对生态系统过程影响的机理。生态种对和生态种组两者结合分析植物功能群得出的结果合理,功能群之间的界定也比较清晰,符合各种群的生物学等的特征。The interspecific association of main populations of natural Pinus tabulaeformis forests in the middle part of Qinling Mountains and the characteristics of niche overlap were analysed base on field investigation. Results show that there are eight preliminary ecological twin species, namely Populus davidiana Dode-Quercus variabilis Blume, Litsea tsinlingensis Yang et P. H. Huang-Pistacia chinensis Bunge, Betula luminifera-Picea wilsonii Mast, Acer motto Maxim-Quercus spinosa David, Acer mono Maxim-Tsuga chinensis （Franch.） Pritz, Rhus chinensis Mill-Quercus aliena Blume, Swida macrophylla （ Wall. ） Sojak-Tilia amurensis, and Acer tetrarrverum Pax var. betulifolium （ Maxim. ） Rchd-Acer davidii Franch. Natural P. tabulaeformis forests in this area are classified into four ecological species groups according to the cluster analysis results, in which Chinese pine become an independent species group of the ecological keystone species. The fourth ecological species group is divided into four plant functional types, all that have significant ecological processes and help to explain the affecting mechanism of the species to the ecosystem. The application of ecological twin species and ecological species group to the analysis of plant functional type could obtain a reasonable result and a clear definition of functional types, which accords with the biological characteristics of populations.

关 键 词：生态种组 功能群 生态种对 

分 类 号：S791.254[农业科学—林木遗传育种]