长白山北坡原始林与次生林植物物种多样性比较及影响因素分析  

Comparison of Plant Species Diversity and Factors Influencing Species Diversity of Primeval and Secondary Forests on the Northern Slope of Changbai Mountains,China

作　　者：张彩虹[1] 朱教君[1] 闫巧玲[1] 于立忠[1] 孙一荣[1] 席兴军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2009年第11期52-55,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30371149);"十一五"国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD03A0903;2006BAD03A0401)资助

摘　　要：通过野外实地调查与相对干扰度计算,采用物种多样性指数及方差分析、相关分析等方法,对长白山北坡原始林(阔叶红松林)与2种次生林(杂木林与桦木林)的植物物种多样性进行了比较研究,并对影响物种多样性的可能因素进行了系统分析。结果表明:原始林共记录植物物种91种,分别隶属于46科72属;杂木林共记录植物物种128种,分别隶属于53科92属;桦木林共记录植物物种108种,分别隶属于52科87属。仅从Shannon-w iener多样性指数看,桦木林的乔木层、草本层和总体多样性均最小,而灌木层多样性最大;原始林在乔木层多样性小于杂木林,但是在灌木层、草本层和总体多样性均大于杂木林。原始林与次生林草本层的多样性较高,均大于相应的乔木层和灌木层。以原始林为参照,较大的干扰强度使乔木层多样性降低,而较小的干扰强度不仅不会降低乔木层多样性,反而可以增加其多样性;灌木、草本层的多样性受干扰的变化与乔木层相反。A study was conducted to compare plant species diversity between primeval forest （broadleaved Korean pine forest） and secondary forests （ mixed forest and birch forest） on the northena slope of Changbai Mountain based on the field investigation and calculation of relative disturbance intensity. Factors that might influence species diversity were systematically analyzed. Results showed that 91 plant species belonging to 46 families and 72 genera in total were found in the primeval forest. There were 128 plant species in 53 families and 92 genera for the mixed forest, and only 108 plant species in 52 families and 87 genera for the birch forest. Based on Shannon-wiener index, it could be concluded that for the birch forest, the diversities of tree layer, herb layer and the total were the lowest, hut the highest was found in shrub layer. The diversity of tree layer in the primeval forest was lower than that in the mixed forest in canopy, but the opposite result existed in the diversities of shrub, herb layers and the total. For both primeval and secondary forests, the diversity of herb layer was higher than that of tree and shrub layers. Compared with the primeval forest, the species diversity of tree layer decreased when suffered stronger disturbance intensity, but increased under the impact of weaker disturbance intensity. The converse condition occurred in the changes of shrub and herb layers after disturbance.

关 键 词：物种多样性 干扰 环境因子 物种组成 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]