坡面苜蓿蓄水保土效益试验研究  

Experimental Study on Soil and Water Conservation Benefit of Alfalfa on Slope

作　　者：云峰[1] 王健[1] 吴发启[1] 高僖 孙存喜 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]攀枝花市水土保持生态环境监测分站,四川攀枝花617000 [3]连云港市水利规划设计院有限公司,江苏连云港222000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2009年第12期8-11,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑课题"农田集雨保水关键技术研究"(2006BAD29B03)

摘　　要：黄土高原坡面侵蚀极为严重,导致坡面土地的生产力严重下降。通过对不同坡度坡面苜蓿降雨产流产沙的观测,以坡面玉米和裸地为对照,分析了坡面苜蓿的蓄水保土效益,结果表明:坡面苜蓿耗水较强,土壤含水量低于裸地和玉米地,降雨后苜蓿地产流明显低于裸地,5°、10°和15°坡面其蓄水效益分别可达73.48%,71.43%,69.55%,同时坡面苜蓿根系能有效防止径流冲刷,暴雨形成的冲刷沟深度小于裸地,其保土效益在5°、10°和15°坡面上分别可达91.90%、84.96%和81.02%。坡面种植苜蓿可有效拦截降水,减少坡面冲刷。Soil erosion on Loess Plateau is serious, Which considerably reduces production of slope land. In this study, runoff and sediment yield from slopes with alfalfa cover and different slope gradients was investigated. Furthermore, the soil and water conservation benefits of alfalfa on slope were analyzed through taking slopes with corn cover and bare slops as control treatments. The resuits showed that alfalfa consumed water strongly. Soil water content on slopes with alfalfa was lower than that on bare slopes and corn slopes, and the runoff yield was obviously less than that on bare slopes. On slopes with gradients of 5°, 10°, and 15°, the water conservation benefit of alfalfa were 73.48%, 71.43%, and 69.55%, respectively. At the same time, roots of alfalfa effectively prevented erosion by runoff and the depth of rills after storm was less than that on bare slope. The soil conservation benefit of alfalfa on slopes with gradients of 5°, 10°, and 15° were 91.90%, 84. 96%, and 81.02%, respectively. Planting alfalfa on slope can effectively intercept rainfall and reduce erosion.

关 键 词：坡面苜蓿 耗水 蓄水效益 保土效益 

分 类 号：S157.4[农业科学—土壤学]