宁波城市土壤重金属的化学形态分析及生态效应  

Chemical Speciation of Some Heavy Metals in Ningbo Urban Soil and Ecological Effects

作　　者：宋明义[1,2] 刘军保 周涛发[1] 周宗尧 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]浙江省地质调查院,浙江杭州311203

出　　处：《土壤通报》2009年第6期1426-1431,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：中国地质调查局大调查项目(200214200013)资助

摘　　要：通过对宁波市城市土壤重金属综合异常区Hg、Cd、Pb、As、Zn、Cu化学形态的研究,认为该市区表层土壤中重金属相对于深层土壤富集系数高,其中Hg分布面积较大,主要以残渣态为主,平均占78.1%,离子交换态仅占0.03%;Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn的平面上围绕城市和主要工业乡镇呈岛状分布,垂向上表层富集明显。其中Cd的离子交换态所占比例较高,Pb、Zn则以残渣态为主,Cu主要为有机结合态。经作物样品分析,稻谷中Cd、Zn未超标,Cu个别样品超标,Hg超标率17%。研究认为,宁波城市土壤重金属超标,其原因除主要与该市工业"三废"的排放密切相关外,另外与所处的地质背景也有一定联系。The urban soil samples in Hangzhou were studied for the chemical speciation of Hg,Cd,Pb,Zn and Cu in the synthesized abnormity of heavy metals, enrichment coefficients in topsoil are higher than those in deepsoil in the urban, and that Hg is mainly in residual and less in exchangeable fraction.Cd,Ph,Cu and Zn distrbute in island that surrounding city and towns of industry, enrichment is obvious in surface layers on the sections. Cd that in exchangeable fraction at higher proportion and Pb and Zn are mainly in residual phases,and Cu is mainly in organic phases.Testing of crop samples indicates that Cd, Zn are accord with state standards and Cu,Hg are partly over than state standards. Study shows that heavy metals in urban soil exeeding the limints was related closely to the discharge of exhaust gas, waste water and waste residue from industry, and also related to its geological background.

关 键 词：城市土壤 重金属 化学形态 生态效应 宁波市 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]