新疆棕漠土棉田施N水平对棉花产量和品质及光合特性的影响  

Xinjiang Cotton Brown Desert Soil Application of N Levels to Cotton Yield and Quality and Photosynthetic Trait

作　　者：杨涛[1,2] 马兴旺[1] 刘骅[1] 许咏梅[1] 王斌[1] 牛新湘[1] 杨金钰[1] 陈宝燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农科院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2009年第23期238-243,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家十一五科技支撑计划项目"棉花持续优质高效生产技术体系研究与示范"(2006BAD21B02);国家十一五科技支撑计划项目"西北旱作黄绵土及荒漠灌耕土区沃土技术模式研究与示范"(2006BAD25B09);国家科技攻关项目"棉花水肥高效利用调控技术开发"(200731133-2);国家科技攻关项目"棉花膜下滴灌关键技术及水盐调控技术开发与示范"(200731137-1)

摘　　要：为探明新疆内陆区干旱区棉花生育期施N肥用量,通过棕漠土棉田膜下滴灌试验,研究了在常规施N(24 kg/666.7m2)、优化施N(16 kg/666.7m2)条件下,棉花需肥比例、生产常用施肥比例、推荐施肥比例三种施N方式对棉花的产量和品质及光合特性的影响。结果表明:常规施N量下的推荐施N比例可获205.24 kg/666.7m2的皮棉产量;常规施N和优化施N对棉花纤维长度、纤维强度、纤维可纺系数影响差异可达到显著水平,而对棉花纤维整齐度、伸长率的影响差异不显著;常规施N的推荐施N比例可使棉花净光合速率在盛铃期达到20μmolCO2/(m2.s),并可获得高产;常规施N和优化施N条件下,推荐N比例的棉花叶绿素SPAD值最优。To explore the arid inland area of Xinjiang cotton nitrogen consumption growth, Through Xinjiang cotton brown desert soil drip irrigation test, study on conventional N （24 kg/666.7m2）, optimization N （16 kg/ 666.7 m2） conditions, the proportion of fat and production of cotton used to fertilizer fertilization proportion and scale of three kinds of N way the yield and quality of cotton and photosynthetic trait. Results show that： the con- ventional N ratio can be recommended by the true lint yield about 205.24 kg/666.7 m2,Conventional N and opti- mization of cotton fiber length of N, fiber strength, fiber spinnability differences can achieve significant influ- ence coefficient of cotton fiber, uniformity, the difference was not significant influence elongation, The conven- tional N ratio can be recommended to cotton net photosynthetic rate boll period in 20 IxmolCOJ（m2 s）,and can obtain high, Conventional N and optimization N conditions, the proportion of cotton N recommendations SPAD chlorophyll optimal value.

关 键 词：棕漠土 膜下滴灌 施N水平 产量和品质 光合特性 

分 类 号：S123[农业科学—农业基础科学]