中东现代化中的公共领域问题  

The Problem of Public Sphere in the Modernization of the Middle East

作　　者：黄民兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学中东研究所,西安710069

出　　处：《山西师大学报（社会科学版）》2009年第6期104-106,110,共4页Journal of Shanxi Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(04&ZD021)

摘　　要：传统的伊斯兰国家存在其独特的、富有活力的公民社会,这表现在"真主主权"的理论和作为独立力量存在的乌里玛。近代的一些中东国家因进行初步的现代化改革而发生了变化,其内容包括:对传统意识形态的变更;传统社会制度的改变;政治体制的改变;苏菲派教团取代乌里玛成为反抗殖民政权的主力;个别国家现代公民社会的发展。二战后,中东的公民社会组织大体上分为三类,即传统的乌里玛.苏菲派教团,现代公民社会组织,集传统与现代于一身的伊斯兰主义组织。There has been a special and energetic civil society in the traditional Muslim states, as was shown in the theory of ＂Sovereignty from Allah＂ and the existence of ullemah as independent force. The modern times witnessed some changes connected with early reforms of modernization in some Middle East countries, including the change of traditional ideology, social and political systems; the replacement of ullemah by the Sufi orders as the main force against the colonial regimes; the development of modern civil society in several states. There are three types of civil society organizations in the Middle East after World War II, i. e. , traditional ullemah and Sufi orders, modern civil society organizations, and Islamist organizations merging both traditional and modern elements.

关 键 词：中东 现代化 公共领域 

分 类 号：D569[政治法律—政治学]