高速公路隧道涌水生态安全评价——以宝天高速公路为例  

Ecological Security Evaluation of Tunnel Gushing in Highway——A Case Study on Bao-Tian Highway

作　　者：贾冰[1] 赵鑫[1,2] 王云权[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [2]广西交通科学研究院,南宁530007

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2009年第6期39-44,共6页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：西部交通建设科技项目(2004-318-000-57)资助

摘　　要：针对隧道涌水对生态环境影响的特点,找出了其可能对生态环境造成负面影响的因素和产生的原因;以生态安全理论为基础,根据P—S—R指标体系模型,构建了隧道涌水对生态环境影响综合评价系统的层次模型,确立了各个层次的评价指标,包括包气带岩性、包气带结构、地下水位埋深、地下水矿化度、地下水化学类型、土壤含水量、土壤含盐量、降雨量、蒸发量、植被覆盖度、水环境质量共11项,其中地下水位是影响生态安全的最主要指标,权重为17%;并以花石山1号隧道为例对隧道涌水对生态环境的影响进行了安全评价,结果显示在涌水条件下1号隧道隧址区的生态安全综合指数为0.040 705,属于很不安全状态,用实例验证了所构建的隧道涌水对生态环境影响的安全评价体系基本正确,为隧道涌水生态安全评价提供了一个科学、可供操作的评价方法和手段。On the basis of the research data both at home and abroad about the effect of groundwater on the ecological environment and in connection with the influence of tunnel water-gushing on the ecological environment,this paper attempts to find out the factors with negative impact on the ecological environment and their causes.According to the ecological security theory and PSR Index System Model,the paper establishes various levels of evaluation indicators,including the rock and structure of vadose,the depth of water table,the mining degree and chemical type of groundwater,the moisture and salinity of soil,the rainfall and evaporation,the vegetation coverage,the quality of water environment and so on.It is found that the water table is the most important indicator that affects the ecological security,with the weight being 17 percent.No.1 Tunnel on Huashi Mount has the index of only 0.040 705,which means the ecological environment of that place is in danger.So it is correctly concluded that the tunnel water-gushing has great influence on the ecological environment security,which provides a scientific and practical approach for evaluating the effect of tunnel water-gushing on the ecological environment.

关 键 词：生态安全评价 层次分析法 P—S—R模型 生态安全综合指数 隧道涌水 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]