青少年女子膝关节屈伸肌力与年龄的关系  

Relations between the knee joint flexor and extensor strength and the age of teenage girls

作　　者：李南[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学体育学院,河南郑州450044

出　　处：《体育学刊》2009年第11期109-112,共4页Journal of Physical Education

摘　　要：为了研究女子膝关节屈伸肌群随年龄增长的自然发育规律,运用Kinitech等速测试系统对10～20岁普通大、中、小学女生双侧膝关节屈伸肌群进行60、120、240(°)/s 3种速度的等速测试。结果得到:女子膝关节屈伸肌PT值随年龄的增长而增长,在14～17岁年龄段肌力增长较快,在同一年龄膝关节屈伸肌PT值均随测试速度的增加而减小;同侧屈肌与伸肌比较,各年龄段伸肌均大于屈肌;同一速度下同年龄异侧同名肌比较差异均无显著性;膝关节屈伸肌力比(H/Q)值在同一速度下,随年龄的增长均呈现出减小的趋势;同一年龄段H/Q值随速度的增加呈现出增大的趋势。结果说明:10～20岁女子膝关节屈伸肌群力量均随年龄的增长而自然增长,在14～17岁年龄段膝关节屈伸肌力增长较快,伸肌尤为显著;随年龄增长屈伸肌力比(H/Q)值呈递减的趋势,形成自然成长下屈伸肌群力量差距增大的现象。In order to study the natural development pattern of the knee joint flexor and extensor strength of females as the age grows, the author used the Kinitech isokinetic test system to perform isokinetic tests at the speeds of 60 （°）/s, 120 （°）/s and 240 （°）/s on the strength of the flexor and extensor at both sides of common elementary school, middle school and college girls at the age of 10-12, and revealed the following findings： the peak torque （PT） value of the knee joint flexor and extensor of females increases as the age grows, the muscle strength of females at the age of 14-17 grows faster, and the PT value of the knee joint flexor and extensor of females at the same age decreases as the test speed increases; as for females in various age groups, the PT value of their extensor of is greater than the PT value of their flexor at the same side; as for females at the same age, there is no significant difference in the PT value measured at the same speed between the homonymous muscles at different sides; the ratio of knee joint flexor strength to knee joint extensor strength （H/Q） tested at the same speed shows a trend of decreasing as the age grows; the H/Q ratio of females in the same age group shows a trend of increasing as the speed increases. The said findings indicate the followings： the knee joint flexor and extensor strength of females at the age of 10-20 grows naturally as the age grows, and the knee joint flexor and extensor strength of females in the age group of 14-17 grows faster, especially their extensor strength grows significantly faster; the H/Q ratio shows a trend of gradually decreasing as the age grows, which forms the sign of increasing of the difference in muscle strength between the flexor and extensor under the condition of natural growth.

关 键 词：运动生物力学 膝关节屈伸肌力 动态等速测试 青少年女子 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]