中国明对虾精养池塘氮、磷和碳收支的研究  

An experimental study on nitrogen,phosphorus and carbon budgets in intensive pond of shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis

作　　者：苏跃朋[1] 马甡[1] 田相利[1] 董双林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《南方水产》2009年第6期54-58,共5页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD43B06);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2002AA648010)

摘　　要：系统化学收支的研究可以说明进入池塘生态系统各营养物质的归宿,文章应用营养盐收支法分析了池塘生态系统的物质流通。结果表明,对虾生产利用营养盐所占比例依次为氮(N),27.40%;磷(P),20.69%;碳(C),17.32%。在营养盐支出中,P的沉积作用明显,占总支出的52.04%;N在水体的悬浮和溶解较多,占61.06%;C在养殖系统的呼吸作用消耗最大,占40.86%。在封闭式池塘系统中,对虾养殖中营养盐的低利用效率为系统环境中营养盐积累的直接原因,除C通过呼吸作用得到有效释放外,大部分N、P污染元素滞留或沉积在池塘系统。Chemical budgets can be formulated to account for all sources of nutrient gains and losses in aquicolous ecosystem. Therefore, nutrient budget was used in this study to assess the material circulation in shrimp pond ecosystem. The results showed that the ratio of nutrient utilized by shrimp production ranked as follows： N （27.40%） , P （20. 69% ） and C （ 17. 32% ） ; as for the nutrient losses, most phosphorus was sediment to the pond bottom, occupying 52. 04% in gross P losses; maximum nitrogen suspended or dissolved in water, occupying 61.06% in gross N losses; carbon was consumed mostly by pond respiration, occupying 40. 86% in gross C losses. Thus, in closed pond ecosystem, shrimp production had so inefficient utilization to nutrition that N and P accumulated or subsided in shrimp pond, except that C released mostly by pond respiration.

关 键 词：营养盐收支 磷 氮 碳 沉积积累 中国明对虾 

分 类 号：S968.226.2[农业科学—水产养殖]