急性氯气中毒呼吸道损伤后的随访观察  

Longitudinal monitoring of lung injury after acute chlorine exposure

作　　者：王立新[1] 高金瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属淮安一院呼吸科,江苏淮安223300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2009年第5期379-381,共3页China Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨急性氯气中毒后肺损伤的情况。方法对41例急性氯气中毒患者(轻度15例、中度15例、重度11例)分别于入院48 h内、出院后6个月及2年,进行3次症状评估、胸部X射线检查及肺功能检测,并与对照组中11例健康人的肺功能进行比较。结果急性氯气中毒患者均有呼吸道症状,胸片及肺功能检查多数异常且与中毒程度密切相关。所有患者第2次检查胸片均恢复正常。轻度中毒者第2次复查肺功能均正常。中度中毒者第2次复查,有4例肺功能异常,第3次复查均正常。重度中毒者第2次检查有6例肺功能异常,第3次检查仍有5例肺功能轻度异常,但与对照组肺功能比较差异无显著性。结论急性氯气中毒可导致短暂性呼吸道症状、呼吸道的损害和X射线表现,但可引起肺小气道和弥散功能的长久损害。Objective To assess lung function and potential lung damage after acute chlorine exposure. Methods 41 cases （15 mild, 15 moderate and 11 severe） with acute chlorine gas poisoning were observed within 48 hours after being hospitalized, 6 months and 2 years after discharge. X-ray and lung functions were analyzed and compared with those of 11 healthy controls. Results All cases were afflicted with various symptoms of airway caliber. Lung function and chest X-ray tests of majority were abnormal and had tense relationship with exposure level. Chest X-ray at admission of all cases were normal at the second chekup. Lung function of mild were normal at the second and third tests. Lung function of 4 moderate cases were abnormal at the second test, but the tests of third were normal. Lung function impairment of 6 sever cases were found abnormal at the second checkup and 5 cases still abnormal at the third chekup. But compared with controls ,the lung function of the severe at the third had no significant difference. Conclusion Airway injury was found after exposure to chlorine. Symptoms and chest X-ray changes are not permanent, but chlorine inhalation can lead to long-lasting impairment of airway caliber.

关 键 词：肺损伤 氯气中毒 随访 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]