有机无机培肥对黄壤烟区烟叶产质量的影响  

Effects of Different Organic Fertilizer,Inorganic Manure and Micro-fertilizer Patterns on Yield and Quality of Tobacco Planted in Yellow Soil

作　　者：涂永高[1] 艾复清[1] 潘文杰[2] 袁有波[2] 丁福章[2] 刘方贵 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省烟草科学研究所,贵州贵阳550003 [3]贵州省余庆县烟草公司,贵州余庆564400

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2009年第11期63-67,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省烟草专卖局项目"提高贵州烤烟上部叶可用性研究"[黔烟科(2004)16]

摘　　要：为改善烤烟上部烟叶品质,降低和控制上部烟叶烟碱含量,增加烟农收入,进行了不同有机肥、无机肥和中微肥配合施用对黄壤烟区烟叶产质量的影响。结果表明,单独施用有机氮,K326的产量和产值明显降低,与施用无机肥处理差异达极显著水平,但烟叶化学成分协调性好、钾含量增加,上部叶烟碱含量明显降低,评吸总分提高1.5%,吃味提高3.0%,杂气减少1.0%,刺激性减少1.4%;增加中微肥各经济指标明显增加,产量能达到2 250 kg/hm2;有机肥与无机肥配合施用,产值和产量有明显提高,30%的有机肥和70%的无机肥配合能获得最大产量和产值。随着无机肥使用比例的增加,上部烟碱含量明显增加,吸食质量明显降低,不利于提高烟叶内在品质。Different organic fertilizer, inorganic manure and micro-fertilizer patterns were applied in cultivation of flue-cured tobacco planted in yellow soil to improve quality of the upper tobacco leaves by reducing and controlling its nicotine content and increase farmer＇s income. The results showed that the yield and output value of K326 with only applying organic manure was significantly lower than those of K326 with applying inorganic fertilizer （CK）, but its harmonization of the internal chemical composition was good, its potassium content increased and its nicotine content reduced, and its smoking and taste score 1.5% and 3.0% higher than CK and its odd smell and irritant was 1.0% and 1.4% lower than CK respectively. Applying micro-fertilizer could increases yield of K326 and its highest yield was up to 2250 kg/hm^2. The mixed application of organic and inorganic fertilizer could obviously increase yield and output value of K326 and the highest yield and output value could be obtained under the mixed application of 30% organic manure and 70% inorganic fertilizer. The nicotine content of upper tobacco leaves increased and its smoking quality reduced with increment of inorganic fertilizer ratio.

关 键 词：烤烟 烟叶 产量 质量 秸秆 微肥 无机肥 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]