岩溶隧道涌突水灾害预警与防治技术  

The mechanism and prevention technology of the inrush water disaster warning of karst tunnels

作　　者：马士伟[1,2] 梅志荣[2] 张军伟[1] 杜俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院,北京100081 [2]中铁西南科学研究院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《山东大学学报（工学版）》2009年第4期12-16,共5页Journal of Shandong University（Engineering Science）

基　　金：科技部科研院所技术开发研究专项资金资助项目;铁道部科技开发计划资助项目(2005K002-D-3)

摘　　要：通过对岩溶隧道涌突水灾害发生现状和综合影响因素分析,提出隧道涌突水灾害的形成和发生必须具备4个基本条件:一是特殊的地质构造基础;二是足够的填充物质条件,三是丰富的地下水源影响,四是人为的开挖扰动激活.在此基础上对水压、水质、围岩位移、钢拱架应力等监控对象给出预警标准,提出了岩溶隧道涌突水灾害三级监控预警,开发了隧道涌突水灾害预警系统.通过武广铁路浏阳河隧道过河段及宜万铁路大支坪隧道现场试验表明,该系统能较好地适应隧道复杂环境,稳定性好,其推广应用对长大隧道安全施工具有一定的指导意义.最后建议岩溶隧道涌突水灾害整治的原则:防、截、堵、排综合治理,以堵为主,堵排结合,混水要堵,清水可排.The formation and occurrence of inrush water disaster of karst tunnels must have four basic conditions： special geological structure, sufficient filled material, abundant groundwater resources and man-made excavation disturbance. A three-grade monitoring warning scheme of iurush water disaster of karst tunnels was first presented based on the analysis of water pressure, water quality, rock displacement, and stress of steel arches. Then, the inrush water disaster warning system of karst tunnels was also developed. In-situ experimental results in the Liuyang River tunnel of Wuhan-Guangzhou railway and the Dazhiping tunnel of the Yichang-Wanzhou railway showed that, the inrush water disaster warning system of karst tunnels adapts well to the complicated environment with good stability. Popularization and application of the system are conducive to safe construction of large tunnel. Finally, the regulation principle of inrush water disaster of karst tunnels was presented.

关 键 词：岩溶隧道 涌突水 预警系统 防治技术 

分 类 号：U451[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]