铅烟尘暴露对工人血某些金属元素的影响  

Effects of Lead Fume and Dust on Blood Metal Elements of Exposed Workers

作　　者：区仕燕[1] 朱夏燕[1] 姜岳明[1] 陈海滨[1] 韦东禄[2] 廖东铭 周海林[2] 陆继培[1] 傅雪 郑伟 

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学公共卫生学院,广西南宁530021 [2]河池市疾病预防控制中心,广西河池547000 [3]宜州市疾病预防控制中心,广西宜州546300 [4]美国普度大学卫生科学学院,印第安纳47907

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2009年第6期353-356,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科攻0632007-3F)

摘　　要：目的探讨职业性铅烟尘暴露对工人血某些金属元素的影响。方法选择广西某冶炼厂55名铅作业工人作为暴露组，平均年龄为（35．0±7．3）岁；不接触铅烟尘及其他有害物质的志愿者66名作为对照组，平均年龄为（34．2±10．0）岁。测定血铅（BPb）、锌（Zn）、铜（Cu）、铁（Fe）、钙（Ca）、锰（Mn）、镁（Mg）含量。结果作业场所空气中铅烟平均浓度为0．43mg／m3（0．05～1．65mg／m3），铅尘平均浓度为0．44mg／m3（O．02～1．15mg／m3），均超过时间加权平均容许浓度。暴露组BPb、Cu、Ca、Mn含量高于对照组；400μg／L≤BPb％600μg／L组血Ca含量高于BPb％200μg／L组，200μg／L≤BPb％400μg／L组血Mn含量高于BPb％200μg／L组，差异都有统计学意义（P％0．05或P％0．01）。BPb与Cu（r=0．200），Ca（r=0．224），Mn（r=0．205）呈正相关。结论铅暴露引起工人血Cu、Ca、Mn水平升高，可能会干扰体内必需元素代谢稳态，对正常的生命代谢活动产生有害的影响。Objective To study the effects of lead fume and dust on metal elements in blood of exposed workers. Methods The contents of blood Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, Ca, Mn and Mg were measured in 55 leadexposed workers with an average age of 35.0 ± 7.3 （y） and 66 volunteers as controls with an average age of 34.2± 10.0（y）unexposed to lead and other hazardous materials. Results The average concentrations of lead fume and lead dust in the air of workplaces were 0.43 mg/m3 （0.05±1.65 mg/m3 ）and 0.44 mg/m3 （0.02±1. 15 mg/m3） respectively,all of which exceeded TWA concentrations. The concentrations of blood Pb, Cu, Ca and Mn in the exposed group were significantly higher than those of the controls. The concentration of blood Ca of 400 μg/L≤BPb〈600 μg/L subgroup was significantly higher than that of BPb〈200μg/L subgroup. The concentration of blood Mn of 200 μg/LBPb≤400 μg/L subgroup was significantly higher than that of BPb〈 200 μg/L subgroup. The differences were all signifieant（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Blood lead was positively correlated with blood Cu（r=0. 200）, Ca（r=0. 224）, and Mn（r=0. 205）. Conclusions Lead exposure may induce the increase of blood Cu, Ca and Mn levels in workers, which may interfere the steady state of essential elements metabolism in vivo and induce the adverse effects on normal life metabolic activity.

关 键 词：铅 血 金属元素 

分 类 号：R135.11[医药卫生—劳动卫生]