基于二维彩色靶标的结构光三维测量系统快速标定方法  

Fast calibration method for a 3D shape measurement system based on 2D color images

作　　者：王庆丰[1] 张启灿[1] 刘元坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学电子信息学院光电系,成都610064

出　　处：《光学技术》2009年第6期872-875,878,共5页Optical Technique

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(60807006)

摘　　要：系统标定是基于结构光投影的主动式光学三维面形测量的关键技术之一,同时也是一项复杂和耗时的工作。提出了一种基于RGB彩色模型的系统快速标定新方法。利用一个彩色的二维平面靶标和由投影仪投影的彩色标记特征图像实现了摄像机和投影仪的同时快速标定,对靶标的每个标定姿态位置只需要拍摄一幅图像即可得到该位置的特征参数。与传统方法相比,标定过程简单快捷,所需的数据量较少。利用该方法对一个结构光三维测量系统进行了现场标定,并测量了一个平面和一个半圆柱物体,实验结果中点到拟合平面的最大距离为0.8039mm,平均误差为0.1693mm。利用该系统恢复半圆柱物体的面形与传统标定方法的测量结果符合得很好。实验表明,由该方法获得的结果准确可用,且标定速度快。System calibration is one of the key technologies for optical 3D shape measurement system based on structured illumination, and it is always complicated and time-consuming. A fast calibration method is proposed based on the color images. This method projects a color chessboard pattern （white and magenta） onto a color chessboard plane （blue and red）. The former occupies the green channel of the captured image and it only needs one captured color image at each position to simultaneously calibrate the camera and the projector. Compared with the traditional methods, it has a simple process and an equivalent calibration accuracy. It needs less data to calibrate the system just like the binocular stereo vision needs. A 3D shape measurement system has been calibrated by this method and a plane and a semi-cylinder are measured. In the measurement results, the maximum distance between the points and the polynomial surface is 0. 8039mm and the average error is 0. 1693mm. The reconstructed shape of semi-cylinder is almost the same as that of the traditional method. Experiments show that this calibration method is practicable and the calibration process is fast.

关 键 词：系统标定 三维测量 投影仪标定 二维彩色标靶 颜色通道分离 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]