在公平原则下积极推进全球应对气候变化进程  

Addressing Global Climate Change Under Guidance of Principle of Equity

作　　者：何建坤[1] 滕飞[2] 刘滨[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学现代管理研究中心 [2]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2009年第6期47-53,共7页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社科基地重大项目(05JJD630035);国家自然科学基金重大国际合作项目(50520140517)

摘　　要：各国减缓温室气体排放的责任义务分担应遵循《联合国气候变化框架公约》中"共同但有区别责任"的原则,以体现公平性。按人均累积排放趋同原则分配和使用全球碳排放空间是公平性原则的具体体现。发达国家的高人均排放过多占用了全球的排放空间,严重背离了公平原则,剥夺了发展中国家公平发展的机会。由于今后相当长时间内,发达国家过高的人均排放仍将进一步挤占发展中国家的排放空间,因此,2012年后发达国家必须进一步深度减排,以为发展中国家留出必要的发展空间。同时,发达国家也必须依照《公约》的规定,为发展中国家提供资金、技术和能力建设的支持,帮助发展中国家走上低碳发展的道路。我国当前面临对外争取排放空间、对内向低碳经济转型的双重任务,在对外维护我国公平发展权益的同时,对内也必须加快低碳技术创新和经济发展方式的转变,全面应对气候变化带来的挑战。The global effort to cope with climate change has been more and more stringent. The international architecture of post-2012 global climate regime are hotly debated. The burden sharing of mitigating climate change should follow the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities under the UNFCCC to reflect principle of equity. The principle of per capita cumulative emission convergence is the concrete reflection of principle of equity. Developed countries have occupied excessively the emission space due to their high historical and actual per capita emission while developing countries have lost the opportunities of development fairly. Developed countries must cut their emission deeply to move necessary space for developing countries. Developed countries also should fulfill their commitment under the Convention to provide technology,financing and capacity building support to developing countries and help developing countries move to low carbon development path. China is facing dual challenges:uphold emission space in international community and turning to low carbon society domestically. While upholding the right of development fairly,we also should accelerate the breakthrough of low carbon technology and change to low carbon development path so as to respond to the challenges.

关 键 词：气候变化 温室气体减排 公平原则 人均累积排放 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]