乙肝疫苗接种是根除乙型肝炎的关键措施  

Hepatitis B vaccination--the key measure to eradicate hepatitis B virus

作　　者：王清图[1] 张益荣[1] 王丽洁[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省潍坊市妇幼保健院,山东潍坊261011 [2]中国医学科学院成都输血研究所,四川成都610081

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2009年第6期733-736,共4页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：乙型肝炎病毒感染是全球性健康问题，据估计全世界至少有3．6亿慢性乙肝病毒感染者。目前控制乙肝病毒感染最有效的方法是用安全的乙肝疫苗免疫所有易感人群，尤其是年幼儿童。通过疫苗接种、有效的抗病毒治疗及中断传播的联合措施可使乙肝病毒感染得到控制，最终达到根除乙型肝炎的目的。该文综述了乙肝疫苗的研发过程，阐述了其在乙肝病毒暴露前和暴露后处置中的作用，以及乙肝疫苗接种后保护力持续时间和需要加强剂量等问题。儿童计划免疫接种乙肝疫苗减少了乙肝病毒携带者、急性和慢性感染性疾病（包括肝细胞癌）的发生。同时，该文也讨论了人体清除乙肝病毒和最终根除乙型肝炎的趋向。Hepatitis B virus infection is a global health problem. Worldwide, about 360 million people are chronically infected with the virus. At present, the most effective method to control infection of HBV is to immunize all susceptible population with safe and effective HBV vaccine, especially young children. By taking combined measures including HBV vaccination, effective antiviral therapy and interrupting transmission route of HBV, the infection can be controlled and eventually the HBV could be eradicated. The article reviewed the detailed process of research and development of HBV vaccine including properties, effectiveness in pre-exposure and post-exposure management, duration of protection of HBV after vaccination and need of booster doses of this vaccine. Inoculation of HBV vaccine in planned immunity for children reducecs number of HBV carriers and incidence rate of HBV-associated acute and chronic infectious diseases including heptocytic heptocarcinoma. Meanwhile, the author of the article dicussed strategies towards eliminating and eventually eradicating HBV from human body.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎病毒 乙型肝炎疫苗 普遍乙肝疫苗接种 根除乙型肝炎 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]