南京市不同环境树木年轮重金属元素含量对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of the Content of the Heavy Metal in Tree Ring in Different Growth Backgrounds in Nanjing City

作　　者：栾以玲[1] 阮宏华[1] 姜志林[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学森林与环境学院江苏省林业生态工程重点实验室,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第35期17725-17729,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]弄清南京市城市主干道重金属元素污染状况的动态变化,为南京市环境重金属元素污染防治提供科学依据。[方法]对南京市区主要城市干道行道树和作为对照组的南京林业大学校园内的雪松、法国梧桐和水杉3个对应树种树木年轮重金属元素Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Pb、Ti、Zn含量进行了测试和对比分析。[结果]分析发现,自20世纪60年代以来,南京市行道树年轮重金属元素含量均呈现出明显的上升趋势,且上升速度在近几个年轮段时期内明显加快。对比还发现,校园组树木年轮重金属元素含量明显低于行道树组,且上升速度大大低于行道树组,甚至校园组某些元素含量随时间无明显的上升趋势。这说明南京市交通主干道的重金属元素污染程度和污染的上升速度明显高于非交通干道区域,这一快速上升的特点与南京市机动车拥有量快速增长相一致。[结论]研究得出,机动车暴发式增长是造成南京市主干道重金属元素污染的主要原因。[ Objective] The scientific reference for the control of heavy metal population in Nanjing was provided through the clarification of the dynamic variation of the heavy metal population in major urban road system. [ Method] The content of the heavy metal element： Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Ph, Ti and Zn in tree rings in both two growth backgrounds： major urban road system and campus in Nanjing were examined and analyzed. [ Results ] It was found that the contents of heavy metal in tree rings of different tree species grown along urban road in Nanjing had been obviously rising since the 1960＇ s and the increment of the content of the heavy metals in last tree rings was significantly sped up. It was also found that both the content of heavy metal and its increment speed in tree rings in major urban road system were much higher than these in campus and the content of some heavy metals in tree ring in campus had been not increased with the time-lasting. It was showed that the pollution of heavy metals in major urban road was much higher than that in campus, which was correspondent with the rapid growth of motor vehicles in Nanjing. [ Conclusion] It was suggested that the total amount of motor vehicles in Nanjing might be the main factor leading to the heavy metal pollution in the city.

关 键 词：树木年轮 重金属元素 环境背景 环境污染 动态变化 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]