陕西省乙型肝炎病毒感染及影响因素分析  

Infective status of hepatitis B virus and its influence factors in Shaanxi province

作　　者：徐艺[1] 张少白[1] 李平[1] 刘西珍[1] 张峰[1] 李永东[1] 刘毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心,西安710054

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2009年第12期1501-1502,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解陕西省人群乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染现状,分析HBV感染的相关危险因素。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,抽取2 224名1-59岁人群进行HBV感染相关因素问卷调查,并检测HBV感染情况。结果调查人群HBV标化感染率为37.58%,较1992年下降23.35%;1-4岁组HBV感染率最低,〈15岁儿童HBV感染率（11.02%）,明显低于15岁-人群（47.25%）;农村HBV感染率33.33%,高于城市24.17%;有免疫史人群（8.80%）低于无免疫史人群（50.00%）;文盲人群的感染率为64.94%,明显高于其他人群;职业分布中干部、农民和服务人员感染率居高;手术治疗史、口腔诊疗史、针灸治疗史、共用注射器、创伤性美容史是本次调查HBV感染的危险因素。结论陕西省人群HBV感染率不断下降,〈15岁儿童下降更为明显;加强农村乙肝防治工作,开展通俗易懂的乙肝防治知识宣传,对服务行业等高危人群实施免疫接种是控制乙肝的重要措施。Objective To describe the epidemic status of hepatitis B virus（HBV） infection in Shaanxi province and to study the risk factors of HBV infection.Methods A multistage randomized sampling method was used.Totally 2224 persons were sampled to collect information on HBV infection-related behavior and to take serum sample for the test of HBV infection with ELISA.Results The infection rate of HBV in the subjects was 37.58% and decreased by 23.35% compared with the data in 1992.Children under 5 years had the lowest rate.The rate of HBV infection in the children under 15 years were lower than that of above 15 years old.The infection rate of HBV in rural subjects were higher than that of the urban subjects and the rate of HBV infection among the people who had received vaccination was lower than that of people had not.The infection rate of HBV was high in unlettered population and in cadre,farmer and service worker.The main risk factors of HBV infection were history of operation,cavitas oris diagnosis and treatment,acupuncture therapy,sharing syringe,and having traumatogenic cosmetology.Conclusion The infection rate of HBV in the population studied declined,especially in children under 15 years old.The next work should be enhancing vaccination in rural areas,developing appropriate education program.The vaccination among people at high risk is also an important measure to prevent hepatitis B.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎病毒 危险因素 免疫接种 

分 类 号：R512[医药卫生—内科学]