外来物种互花米草种子萌发的生态适应性  

Ecological adaptability of alien species Spartina alterniflora Loisel seed germination

作　　者：苑泽宁[1,2] 石福臣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学生命科学学院,天津300071 [2]哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第12期2466-2470,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30470179);天津市农业科技合作资助项目(0504018)

摘　　要：在3种条件即不同萌发温度和光照、不同贮藏温度和时间、不同盐浓度下,研究了互花米草种子萌发及胚生长特性。结果表明:在相同温度下,种子的萌发不受光照或黑暗条件影响,最适萌发温度为16/26℃(夜/昼)和25℃,萌发率高于90%;在-5℃、0℃、5℃、10℃的贮藏温度下,贮藏120d的种子萌发率高于74%,表明种子能够安全越冬;当盐浓度为75～225mmol.L-1时,萌发率高于90%,150mmol.L-1的盐浓度较适宜胚的生长,胚芽鞘和胚轴的生长先于胚芽和胚根,盐溶液对胚轴、胚芽鞘的生长所产生的抑制作用小于胚根、胚芽,有利于已萌发的幼苗快速出土,适应多变的潮间带环境。Different regimes of germination temperature at night and day,storage temperature and duration,and salt concentration were installed to study the characteristics of the seed germination and embryonic growth of Spartina alterniflora.Under the same germination temperature,the seed germination was not affected by light or dark,and the optimal temperature for germination was 16/26 ℃（night/day）,with a germination rate90%.At the storage temperature-5,0,5,and 10 ℃,the germination rate of the seeds after 120 days storage exceeded 74%,indicating that S.alterniflora seeds could safely overwinter.When the salt concentration was 75-225 mmol NaCl ·L-1,the germination rate was 90%.The optimal salt concentration for embryo growth was 150 mmol NaCl·L-1.The growth of coleoptile and hypocotyl occurred before that of plumule and radicle,and the inhibition effect of salt on the growth of hypocotyl and coleoptile was smaller than that on radicle and plumule growth,which made the seedlings quickly unearth and well adapt the intertidal environment.

关 键 词：互花米草 种子萌发 生态适应 扩散 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]