均匀磁化介质椭球的退磁因子及退磁场  

The demagnetizing factor and demagnetizing field of ellipsoid material in uniform magnetic field

作　　者：昝会萍[1] 张引科[1] 史毅敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学理学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《大学物理》2009年第12期10-15,共6页College Physics

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究基金资助项目(2007A15)

摘　　要：在椭球坐标系中求解了均匀椭球磁介质在匀强磁场中的磁化问题,得到了空间磁标势、磁场、介质中退磁场和退磁因子的表达式,研究了椭球形状与退磁因子的关系,分析了介质磁化率对退磁场方向的影响.结论为:椭球磁介质内的退磁场是匀强磁场;退磁因子的大小与椭球形状有关,与椭球大小无关,沿椭球长轴方向的退磁因子较小;一般而言退磁场方向与外磁场方向既不相同也不相反.铁磁质椭球内的退磁场几乎与外磁场反向.In the ellipsoidal coordinate system, the magnetizing problem of ellipsoid magnetic material in uni- form magnetic field is solved. The analytical expressions of magnetic scalar potential and magnetic field in the entire space, as well as demagnetizing factors and demagnetizing field in the material are obtained. The relation between the shape of ellipsoid material and the demagnetizing factors as well as the influence of the material susceptibility on the direction of demagnetizing field are studied. It is found that the demagnetizing factor along the longer axis of el- lipsoid is less than that along the shorter one. As the magnetizing field is along the ellipsoid axis or the material is sphere, the demagnetizing field is parallel with （ along or opposite to） the magnetizing field. For ferromagnetic ma- terial, the demagnetizing field is almost opposite to the magnetizing field.

关 键 词：椭球磁介质 磁化 退磁因子 退磁场 

分 类 号：O482.54[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]