西安市供水水源非点源磷污染控制研究  

The Research on Non-point Source Phosphorus Pollution Control Based on the Water Supply Source of Xi'an City

作　　者：胥彦玲[1] 王苏舰[1] 刘永兵 李怀恩[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京市科学技术情报研究所,北京100037 [2]轻工业环境保护研究所,北京100089 [3]西安理工大学环境科学研究所,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第34期17016-17020,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(90610030)

摘　　要：磷是淡水生态系统中最重要的限制因素,要防治水体的富营养化,最关键的是要对磷的来源加以控制。以西安市主要供水水源黑河流域为例,分别选取适当的算法对USLE方程及SCS径流模型中各个参数进行了率定,利用SWAT分布式模型中对磷负荷的估算方法,对非点源磷负荷进行了定量研究。结果表明,文中所采用的估算方法较为合理,适合黑河流域非点源污染磷负荷的计算;全流域每年因降雨径流所产生的非点源磷污染总量为13.451t,对流域水环境及金盆水库的水质产生了不良影响;马召乡四村、厚畛子乡、甘浴湾乡、安家岐以及沙梁子乡对流域非点源磷污染贡献较高,是非点源污染控制的关键源区;退耕还林还草,增加植被覆盖度,减少农事活动和营养物累积量是削减和控制流域非点源磷污染的主要措施。Phosphorus is the important limiting factor in freshwater ecosystem. To prevent and cure eutrophication, the key is to control the phosphorus pollution source. Taking Heibe watershed-the water supply source of Xi＇ an city as an example, right arithmetic is adopted to cali- brate parameter of USLE and SCS model. Using the estimate method of phosphorus in SWAT model, phosphorus is researched quantification. The results showed that the estimate methods is reasonable and can be adopted to calculate non-point source phosphorus loadings of Heibe wa- tershed; The total phosphorus loadings produced by rain is 13. 451 t,which had a bad effect on watershed water environment and Jinpen reservoir water quality. The four village of Mazhao country, Houzhenzi country, Ganyuwan and Anjiaqi country＂ contribute more phosphorus to water- shed, which are the key source regions of non-point source phosphorus pollution. To sum up, returning land from farming to forestry and grass, increasing vegetation cover and decreasing farming activity are the main measurement of reducing and control non-point source phosphorus pollution.

关 键 词：非点源磷负荷 定量化 黑河流域 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]