跳跃项目训练对青少年膝关节屈伸肌肉力量的影响  

Effects of jump training on extensor and flexor muscle strength in teenagers

作　　者：张瑞存[1] 程丽彩[2] 陈玉娟[1] 李立[1] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄学院体育系,河北省石家庄市050035 [2]郑州大学体育学院,河南省郑州市450044

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2009年第46期9117-9120,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：中国高等教育学会"十一五"教育科学研究规划课题(06AIJ0240006)~~

摘　　要：背景:等速测试系统作为一种评价人体肌肉功能水平的研究方法和手段,在研究中得到了越来越广泛的应用。但运用等速肌力测试研究运动训练对青少年肌群发展影响的报道很少。目的:通过等速肌力测试,对长期进行跳高、跳远系统训练的青少年和同年龄的无训练者两类人群膝关节肌肉力量及其特征进行对比分析。设计、时间及地点:对比观察实验,于2008-10/12在河北省体育科学研究所实验室进行。对象:随机抽取河北师范大学附属中学不参加训练的志愿者20名作为普通组,抽取石家庄市体校进行跳高、跳远训练的志愿者20名作为训练组,参试者均为男性。方法:采用Cybex-6000等速测试系统,按照测试要求对参试者膝关节进行测试,测试顺序为先向心后离心。测试速度为慢速60(°)/s、中速120(°)/s、快速240(°)/s。主要观察指标:膝关节屈、伸肌群的相对峰力矩。结果:纳入实验对象40名,均进入结果分析。与普通组比较,训练组两侧膝关节60,120,240(°)/s屈、伸肌向心、离心收缩时峰力矩较高,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),训练组左、右两膝在3个速度上的屈肌与伸肌峰力矩比值均低于普通组。结论:跳跃项目训练对青少年膝关节屈伸肌肉力量的增长有良好的促进作用,但在青少年膝关节屈伸肌力协调发展上有所不足,造成屈伸肌比值下降,这也可能是训练方法不当所造成的。BACKGROUND： As an effective method to evaluate the muscle functional level in humans, isokinetic testing system is applied in more and more researches. However, reports remain few in which isokinetic muscle strength test is used to study the effect of movement training on the development of muscle groups in teenagers. OBJECTIVE： To make a comparison and analysis on the muscle strength of knee joints between the two different teenager populations of the same age, namely, the one with jump testing and the one without. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A contrast observation was performed at the Laboratory of Hebei Physical Education Science Institute between October and December in 2008. PARTICIPANTS： The 20 volunteers without sport training were selected randomly from Hebei Normal University Affiliated Middle School in Shijiazhuang, and were classified as the control group; the other 20 volunteers with high jump and long jump training were randomly selected from Shijiazhuang Sports School, and were used as the training group. All participants are males. METHODS： Cybex-6000 isokinetic testing system was used to test the knee joints of all participants, with the concentric contraction going first and then the eccentric contraction. The slow, middle and high testing speeds were 60 （°）Is, 120 （°）Is and 240 （°）Is respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Relative peak torque （PT） values of flexor and extensor groups in knee joints. RESULTS： All 40 volunteers were involved in the result analysis. Compared with the control group, knee joints in the training group showed much higher flexor and extensor PT values during the concentric contraction and the eccentric contraction at the speed of either 60 （°）Is or 120 （°）Is or 240 （°）Is, and the difference between the two groups was of significance （P 〈 0.01）.The PT value ratios between flexor and extensor of both the left and the right knee joints were lower in the training group than in the control group at any of the three speeds. CO

关 键 词：跳跃 等速 膝关节 峰力矩 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]