城市化进程中上海植被的多样性、空间格局和动态响应(Ⅳ):人工植物群落景观与生态协调性评价  

Diversity,spatial pattern and dynamics of vegetation under urbanization in Shanghai(Ⅳ):Landscape-ecology effect harmony assessment of artificial plant communities

作　　者：李艳艳[1] 商侃侃[1] 达良俊[1,2,3] 王娟[1] 戚裕锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学环境科学系,上海200062 [2]华东师范大学上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,上海200062 [3]天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,浙江宁波315114

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第6期1-11,共11页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20050269015);国家自然科学基金(30370255);华东师范大学"211工程"三期重点学科建设项目

摘　　要：针对目前生态与景观效果并重,绿化建设与管护并重,以及节约型的城市绿地建设要求,建立相应的评价指标体系是城市植物群落构建、提升的前提和基础.根据所制定的原则,通过德尔菲(Delphi)专家咨询法,选取评价指标;采用层次分析法确定各级指标的权重,从而构建一个4层次的评价指标体系.对上海市外环以内的中心城区绿地植物群落进行评价.结果表明:51.4%的植物群落没有达到景观效益与生态效益的相协调,主要表现为近自然度不高以及高额的绿地养护成本.为此,应倡导乡土物种的广泛应用,体现乡土特色,构建"地标性"近自然植物群落;提倡近自然型养护与管理模式,降低群落的养管成本.At present, urban green space construction should weight evenly between ecologicallandscape effects and the establishment-management costs, and should take into consideration of saving requirement. It was necessary to establish the assessment system for plant community＇s construction and improvement. A 4-leveled index assessment system was set based on indices which were selected according to Delphi expert consultation method, with all the weight calculated by Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） method. Then, the assessment system was applied to evaluate the green space plant communities in central Shanghai. The result showed that., due to low near-nature degree and a costly management, 51.4% of all the plant communities failed to meet the standard that ecological benefit should be in coordination with landscape benefit. To solve problems, new construction methods were introduced. In the construction of urban green space plant community, native species should be used to build the near natural plant community. The adoption of native species reflected the regional characteristics as well as the ＂land-mark＂ of the given region or city. What＇s more, in order to reduce the management cost, the near natural management method was also recommended.

关 键 词：人工绿地 植物群落 评价指标体系 景观与生态协调度 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]