对Texaco气化工艺的认识及炉温度的控制  

A Study into Texaco Gasification Process and Gasifier Temperature Control

作　　者：张雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]兖矿国泰化工有限公司,山东滕州277527

出　　处：《中外能源》2009年第12期42-46,共5页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：Texaco水煤浆加压气化技术是目前工业化运行较好的第二代煤气化技术。由于在同样的工程条件下所表现出的工艺结果复杂多样,为此通过对气化炉中所发生的化学反应、流体力学分布和温度场以及传热过程进行分析,加深对水煤浆加压气化工艺的认识。气化炉温度的控制是工艺操作的关键,控制的原则是控制灰渣黏度达到25～40Pa·s,而实质是控制氧碳原子比。根据企业操作数据分析,气化炉温度的控制参数为:进料的O/C比一般应控制在0.9～0.95之间;气化炉压差应控制在0.05～0.06MPa;CH4含量控制在0.0008～0.001(体积分率),CO2控制在18%～20%(体积分数);6mm左右理想尺寸的渣应占20%～30%(质量分数),且为圆形玻璃体;破渣机的压力指示值为2%～3%。在这些条件下,可达到合适的气化炉温度,获得高的有效气产率,并保证稳定运行。Texaco pressurized coal-water slurry gasification technology is the most mature and most widely used second-generation coal gasification technology.As the technology may yield highly varied results under the same engineering conditions,the article analyzes the chemical reactions,hydro-mechanical distribution,the tem- perature field and the heat transfer process of gasifiers to give readers a better understanding of the Texaco pressurized coal-water slurry gasification technology.The temperature control for gasifiers is the key to process control and the principle of the temperature control is to maintain the slag viscosity within 25-40Pa＇s,virtually controlling the ratio of oxygen to carbon atoms.Based on operational data from enterprises,the tempera ture control parameters for gasifiers are as follows ：the O/C ratio of feed should typically be maintained within 0.9-0.95 ;the pressure differential of the gasifier should be maintained within 0.05-0.06MPa;the CH4 content should be within 0.0008-0.001（volume fraction） ; the CO2 content is maintained within 18%-20% （volume fraction）;20%-30% should be round vitreous body-like slag particles with ideal sizes of about 6mm （mass fraction） ; the pressure indicator value of the slag breaker should be within 2%-3%.Under these conditions,the gasifier can obtain appropriate temperature and high effective gas yield and secure stable operation.

关 键 词：水煤浆加压气化技术 化学反应 气化炉 温度控制 O/C比 CH4含量 

分 类 号：TQ546[化学工程—煤化学工程] TQ113.264