艾佐迈对奥尼罗非鱼生长、肠道结构和非特异性免疫的影响  

Effects of Azomite on Growth,Intestinal Structure and Non-specific Immunity of Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus)

作　　者：刘爱君[1] 冷向军[1] 李小勤[1] 汪立平[2] 罗运仙[1] 朱瑞俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学省部共建水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海200090

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2009年第6期1006-1011,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：上海市重点学科建设项目(Y1101)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲料中添加艾佐迈对奥尼罗非鱼生长、肠道结构和血清非特异性免疫的影响。试验选用平均初重(20.04±0.13)g的奥尼罗非鱼240尾,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾,分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加0(对照)、0.25%、0.50%和0.75%艾佐迈的试验日粮,试验期30 d。饲养试验结束后,各组日粮中添加0.50%的三氧化二铬进行为期2周的消化试验。结果表明:与对照组相比,添加0.25%～0.75%艾佐迈可显著提高罗非鱼增重率,降低饲料系数(P<0.05),但对鱼体肌肉粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分和水分含量无显著影响(P>0.05);添加0.25%～0.50%艾佐迈可显著提高了肠绒毛高度、宽度、密度及肠绒毛杯状细胞数量、胃蛋白酶活性、肠蛋白酶活性、干物质消化率、粗蛋白质消化率和肠道乳酸杆菌菌群数(P<0.05)。在血清非特异性免疫指标方面,添加0.25%艾佐迈可显著提高血清超氧化物歧化酶和溶菌酶活性(P<0.05)。由此可知,日粮中添加0.25%～0.50%艾佐迈可显著提高罗非鱼生长性能,改善肠道结构,提高营养物质消化率和机体非特异性免疫功能,其最适添加量为0.25%。The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of adding azomite in diet on growth, intestinal structure and serum non-specific immune index of tilapia （ Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus）. Two hundred and forty tilapia with initial body weight of （20.04 ± 0.13） g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates of 20 fish. Diets containing 0 （control）, 0.25%, 0.50% and 0.75% azomite were fed to 4 groups for 30 days, then a digestive trial was conducted with supplemental 0.50% Cr203 in the 4 diets. The results showed as follows： the weight gain rate was increased significantly and FCR was decreased significantly by adding 0.25% -0.75% azomite compared with control group （P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in the content of crude protein, crude fat, crude ash and moisture of muscle among the 4 groups （P〉 0.05）. The height, width and density of intestinal villi, the number of goblet ceils, protease activities of intestine and stomach, crude protein digestibility, dry matter digestibility and the number of Lactobacillus of intestine were significantly increased by adding 0. 25%-0. 50% azomite compared with control group （P〈0.05）. In the respect of non-specific immunity, fish fed with diet supplemented with 0.25% azomite had higher activities of superoxide dismutase and lysozyme than those in control group （P〈0.05）. It was concluded that 0. 25%-0. 50% of azomite in diet could improve growth performance and intestinal structure, and increase nutrients digestibility and serum non-specific immune function, and the optimum level was 0.25%.

关 键 词：艾佐迈 奥尼罗非鱼 生长 肠道结构 非特异性免疫 

分 类 号：S943.116[农业科学—水产养殖] S965.125[农业科学—水产科学]