分布式发电供能系统能量优化及节能减排效益分析  

Optimization of Distributed Energy System and Benefit Analysis of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction

作　　者：雷金勇[1] 谢俊[2] 甘德强[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学电气工程学院,浙江省杭州市310027 [2]香港大学电机电子工程学系

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2009年第23期29-36,共8页Automation of Electric Power Systems

摘　　要：基于分散电源的分布式发电供能系统的接入是未来智能电网建设的重要组成部分,而实现节能减排是智能电网运行的关键目标之一,因此,研究分析分布式发电供能系统的节能减排效益对于智能电网的规划和运行意义重大。文中归纳了分散电源的节能减排作用路径,建立了考虑经济性、环保性和可靠性的多目标能量优化模型。该模型以最小化年总规划成本、最大化可再生能源发电量、最小化年停电量和最小化年容量短缺量等4个优化子目标作为分布式发电供能系统能量优化目标函数,针对系统的排污量、停电量和容量短缺量引入总量处罚以统一所有子目标的量纲,应用线性加权求和法转换为单目标优化问题,采用二元对比定权法确定权系数,并提升环保指标的重要性等级,以反映分布式发电供能系统节能减排的重要程度。应用HOMER软件对某供能系统进行仿真优化,并对排污处罚标准、天然气价格、年平均风速和余热利用效率等参数进行了灵敏度分析。The integration of distributed generation and energy supply systems based on distributed resources is an important part of the future smart grid construction, and energy saving and emission reduction is one of the key targets in smart grid operation. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out benefit research and analysis of energy saving and emission reduction for the planning and operation of smart grid. Action channels of energy saving and emission reduction of distributed resources are summarized comprehensively. The multi-objective optimization model which takes into account economy, environmental protection and reliability, is proposed. The objective function consists of minimizing the investment planning cost, unmet load and capacity shortage, and maximizing the total energy production generated by renewable sources. Dimension unity is obtained by means of penalties on emissions, unmet load and capacity shortage. Subsequently, the linear weighted sum method is utilized to transform the original problem into a single objective optimization problem. The dualistic factor contrast method is selected for indexes weight calculation while the criticality class of environmental protection is escalated in order to reflect the importance of energy saving and emission reduction. HOMER, the micropower optimization model, is utilized to simulate and optimize an energy supply system, and sensitivities of the results to different levels of emissions penalties, natural gas prices, annual average wind speeds and heat recovery ratios are examined.

关 键 词：分散电源 分布式发电供能系统 节能减排 多目标优化 灵敏度分析 

分 类 号：TM715[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]