中国特有种——沙芥繁育系统和传粉生物学研究  

Studies on the Breeding System and Pollination Biology of China Species——Pugionium cornutum

作　　者：黄修梅[1] 郝丽珍[1] 胡宁宝[1] 赵清岩[1] 张进文[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古自治区野生特有蔬菜种质资源与种质创新重点实验室,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2009年第11期2232-2237,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30460080;30260067);内蒙古科技攻关(20050305;20060202);内蒙古自然科学基金(2001108020501;200308020513);内蒙古人才基金

摘　　要：运用定位观察、杂交指数、花粉-胚珠比、套袋试验和重力玻片法等方法,对沙芥自然居群和人工栽培种群的开花日动态、繁育系统和传粉习性进行了研究。结果显示：沙芥在自然居群和人工栽培种群开花日高峰分别在19：00和15：00-18：00。沙芥繁育系统为异花授粉植物。沙芥传粉媒介中风的飘移能力非常微弱;沙芥自然居群的访花昆虫有19种,分属于6个目;人工栽培种群的访花昆虫有11种,分属于6个目。意大利蜜蜂、熊蜂、黑带食蚜蝇和拟蜂食蚜蝇是两个居群共有的主要传粉昆虫,在自然居群熊蜂每天的访花频率呈双峰曲线,其中访花最高峰与开花日高峰基本重叠。By field investigation,out crossing index,pollen-ovule ratio and bagged,we studied the blossing diurnal dynamic,breeding system,pollination biology of Pugionium cornutum in the natural populations and the artificial populations.The results showed：P.cornutum reaches its full boom at 18：00～19：00 in the natural populations,while at 15：00～18：00 in the artificial populations.The breeding system of P.cornutum should be a kind of cross-pollinating.Pollen movement is very weak in wind during pollinating.There are 19 insect species flower visitors in the natural populations,which belong to 6 orders.There are 11 species flower visitors in the artificial populations,which belong to 6 orders.Among them,Apis mellifera,Bombus sp.,Episyrphus balteatus and Pseudouolue ellamimica are the main pollinators both in the two populations.Bombus sp.is the highest frequency pollinator in the natural populations.Apis mellifera and Episyrphus balteatus are the highest frequency pollinators in the artificial populations.

关 键 词：沙芥 开花日动态 繁育系统 传粉方式 访花昆虫 

分 类 号：Q944.43[生物学—植物学]