乙烯对网纹甜瓜花器官及花粉结构和活力的影响  

Effects of Ethephon on Floral Organ and Pollen Structure and Viability of Netted Melon

作　　者：蒋芳玲[1,2] 仝江[1,2] 吴震[1,2] 范伯圣[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部南方蔬菜遗传改良重点开放实验室,南京210095 [2]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2009年第11期2243-2248,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：江苏省农业三项工程项目[XS(2007)2945XS(2008)2920]

摘　　要：以网纹甜瓜‘西域1号’为材料,于幼苗三叶一心期喷施浓度为150 mg/L的乙烯利诱导主蔓形成两性花,以清水为对照,比较乙烯处理后形成的主蔓、侧蔓和对照侧蔓两性花,以及处理与对照雄花外观形态、解剖结构及花粉表面超微结构间的异同,并对其花粉活力进行了测定,以明确乙烯对甜瓜花器官形态及花粉结构和活力的影响。结果表明:乙烯诱导形成的主蔓两性花外观形态和解剖结构与对照侧蔓两性花没有差异,花粉超微结构相似,但存在部分畸形花粉,花粉活力仅为70%左右,显著低于其他花粉的活力,但其雌蕊发育正常,授粉后可正常结实。研究证实,乙烯处理对主蔓雄花及侧蔓两性花器官形态及花粉结构和活力无显著影响。In order to investigate the effect of ethephon on floral organ,pollen structure and viability,the netted melon varity ＇Xiyu No.1＇ was used as materials.At the three-leaf stage,150 mg/L ethephon was sprayed to induce the bisexual flowers in main vine.The materials treated with fresh water were used as control.The similarities and differences of appearance shape,anatomical structure and ultrastructure of pollen of main vine and axillary bisexual flowers as well as main vine male flowers both treatment and control were observed and compared.The pollen viability in the flowers was also measured.It was showed that appearance shape and anatomical structure of main vine bisexual flowers induced by ethephon were the same as that of control＇s axillary bisexual flowers.The ultrastructure of pollens was also similar.However,there were much malformed pollens in bisexual flowers from treated plants with viable pollen only around 70%,which was significantly lower than that of the other flowers,while the treatment＇s bisexual flowers could set the fruit normally after been pollinated which indicated that the pistil developed normal.The present study confirmed that ethephon has no significant effect on floral organ,pollen structure and viability of treatment＇s main vine male and axillary bisexual flowers.

关 键 词：网纹甜瓜 乙烯利 花器官 形态结构 超微结构 花粉活力 

分 类 号：Q944.58[生物学—植物学]