液体有机氢化物储氢研究进展  

Hydrogen Storage Using Liquid Organic Hydrides

作　　者：朱刚利[1] 杨伯伦[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学化学工程系动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《化学进展》2009年第12期2760-2770,共11页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2009CB219906);国家自然科学基金项目(No.20776117);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金课题(No.20070698037)资助

摘　　要：液体有机氢化物储氢技术利用不饱和液态芳烃和对应环烷烃之间的加、脱氢反应,不仅可用于长周期的季节性储氢,还可用于远距离输氢,以解决地区间能源分布不均的问题。本文分析了该技术的基本原理和特点,并着重就其中的脱氢反应,从催化剂的开发、催化反应机理以及反应模式等层面,进行了分析讨论。关于催化剂,主要从催化剂的活性组分、颗粒分散度、载体种类、孔结构和表面性质与催化活性、结焦失活和耐硫性之间的关系进行了分析。关于反应模式,重点讨论了过热液膜态反应、非稳态脉冲喷射进料反应和膜分离反应等几种有利于改善传热传质条件、打破平衡限制的催化脱氢反应模式。并展望了液体有机氢化物储氢的研究和发展方向。The hydrogen storage technology based on liquid organic hydrides, which employs the recyclable aromatic-cycloalkanes pairs as the media for hydrogen storage, is definitely a promising potential candidate for hydrogen storage and supply method with high storage capacity and low cost, especially for the long distance transportation of hydrogen and long term seasonal hydrogen storage. This paper reviews the latest research progress in liquid organic hydrides hydrogen storage technology. The basic principles and advantages of the technology as well as several major cycloalkanes used for hydrogen storage are introduced. Various catalysts for dehydrogenation of cycloalkanes are summarized from the following respects： catalyst composition, addition of second metals, particle dispersion, porous structure and surface properties, catalyst deactivation and stability, resistance to sulphur poisoning. Development of new catalytic-reactor configurations such as nonsteady spray-pulsed system, superheated liquid film system and membrane separation reaction system to overcome heat mass transfer limitations are described. And the proposal for future research is also outlined.

关 键 词：液体有机氢化物 储氢 脱氢催化剂 催化脱氢反应模式 

分 类 号：O613.2[理学—无机化学] TQ116.2[理学—化学]