早产儿视网膜病变致病因素分析与护理  

Analysis of Pathogenic Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity and Nursing

作　　者：韩天娥[1] 甘咏兰[1] 王春[1] 姚桃金[1] 林梅芳[1] 郑志英[1] 钟晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市儿童医院,广东深圳518026

出　　处：《护理学报》2009年第23期50-52,共3页Journal of Nursing（China）

摘　　要：目的探讨早产儿视网膜病变(retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)发生的高危致病因素。方法对2005年1月—2008年12月在深圳市儿童医院和深圳市眼科医院就诊的胎龄≤34周或出生体质量≤2000g的早产儿进行眼底检查,并对ROP高危致病因素进行分析。结果完成筛查的219例早产儿中,21例(42只眼)发生ROP,占9.6%,其中阈值病变6例(12只眼),占2.7%。发生ROP的早产儿体质量较轻,且孕周更短,吸氧时间较正常眼底早产儿长,且贫血的发生率高于正常眼底早产儿,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论ROP的发生与早产儿出生体质量、孕周、吸氧时间及贫血有关,护理中注重避免孕妇早产并合理规范用氧是干预ROP发病的重要措施。Objective To explore the high risk pathogenic factors of retinopathy of prematurity（ROP）. Methods Premature infants with gestational age ≤34 weeks or birth weight ≤2 000 g, born in Shenzhen Children Hospital and Shenzhen Eye Hospital From Jan, 2005 to Dec, 2008 underwent fundus examination, and then an analysis was made of the high risk factors of ROP. Results In all the 219 premature infants, 21 （42 eyes, 9.6%） were found with ROP, among which 6 （12 eyes, 2.7%） with threshold ROP. Pathogenic factor analysis turned out that compared with the preterms with normal fundus, those with ROP had a less birth weight, a shorter gestational age, a longer oxygen intaking time and a higher incidence rate of anemia, with all the differences being statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Incidence of ROP is higher in infants with shorter gestational age, less birth weight, and longer oxygen intaking time.

关 键 词：视网膜病变 早产儿 致病因素 护理 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]