菲降解菌株的筛选及特性研究  

Screening for phenanthrene-degrading bacteria and its characteristics

作　　者：时莹[1] 张丹[1] 孙玮[1] 李江波[1] 董兆麟[1] 段康民[1] 沈立新[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院/西部资源与现代生物技术省部共建教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第6期1009-1013,共5页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2004B18);西安市科技计划基金资助项目(GG04065)

摘　　要：目的以菲为模型，分离能够以菲作为惟一碳源和能源进行生长繁殖的微生物，研究菲的降解特性，为多环芳烃的生物降解机制和工业应用的研究奠定基础。方法从焦化污水池附近的土壤中，通过选择性富集培养，筛选、分离具有菲降解能力的菌株，通过16SrDNA序列分析鉴定其种属，并在不同的温度和pH条件下，测定菌株的生长及对菲的降解性能。结果得到两株较好的菲降解菌，初步鉴定其分别属于不动杆菌属和假单胞菌属。其最适生长温度均为37℃，最适降解温度分别为34℃和37℃，最适生长pH分别为7．0和6．5～7．0，最适降解pH为7．0和6．5，两天内菲的最大降解率分别达到80．4％和86．6％。结论分离得到的两株菌对菲都具有较好的降解能力，且假单胞菌略微优于不动杆菌，降解机制及降解策略、工程应用研究正在进行中。Aim Indigenous aromatic hydrocarbons degraders （AHD） are the primary of oil-contaminated and chemical-contaminated soils. Screening of polycyclic aromatic member for bioremediation hydrocarbons （ PAHs ） -degrading strains and identification of their characteristics are the bases of PAHs biodegradation. Methods Selective enrichment culture was used to screen phenanthrene-degrading microorganisms from coke-plant wastewater-contaminated soils. 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis was used to determine species of isolated microorganisms. Conditions of growth and phenanthrene degradability were optimized. Results Two phenanthrene-degradi to Acinetobacter sp and Pseudomonas sp respectively were isolated. For the strain belonging ng strains belonging to Acinetobacter sp, 80. 4% of phenanthrene was degraded under the optimized conditions 37℃, pH =7.0 for growth and 34℃, pH = 7.0 for phenanthrene degradation. 86. 6% of phenanthrene was degraded by Pseudomonas sp strain on the conditions of 37℃, pH =6. 5-7.0 for growth and 37℃, pH =6.5 for phenanthrene d isolated strains could degrade phenanthrene efficiently but Pseudomonas sp better. egradation. Conclusion The two Rhaminolipid, an important biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas may probably facilitate phenanthrene degradation. The study of degradation mechanism of PAHs and biodegradation of PAHs on industry scale is in progress.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 菲 生物降解 

分 类 号：Q93-331[生物学—微生物学] Q939.97