慈溪市表层土壤养分与重金属的多变量统计分析  

Statistical Analysis of Nutrients Variables and Heavy Metals in Surface Soils of Cixi County

作　　者：刘庆[1] 吕振江[2] 

机构地区：[1]滨州学院黄河三角洲生态环境山东省重点实验室,山东滨州256603 [2]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2009年第6期106-111,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划项目"小城镇土地集约利用与生态安全评价研究"(2003BA808A22-4);山东省滨州学院"博士研究生奖励基金"(2007Y07)

摘　　要：地球化学变量在土壤中受到多个因素与过程影响使得它们之间的关系非常复杂。利用直方图、正态Q-Q图、数据转换、聚类分析等多变量分析方法,对浙江省慈溪市表层土壤样品中的重金属、养分以及土壤pH值进行了调查与分析。结果认为:变量之间存在着显著的变异,其中直方图表现出数据多模态的特点与正态Q-Q图的多扭结的特点表明了这些数据中多重总体的存在,正态Q-Q图还显示数据存在异常值。大部分变量并没有通过K-S正态分布检验或对数正态分布检验,Box-Cox变换使得数据更接近正态分布,是一种更有效的正态转换方式。聚类分析的结果认为所有变量根据影响因素的不同可分为3个组分。在所有的影响因素中,土地利用被认为是最重要的影响因素。Geochemical variables are affected by multiple factors and processes in soils, and the different responses to these factors causing complicated multivariate relationships between them. In this study, the relationships between heavy metals and nutrients variables in top soils of Cixi county were investigated using multivariate analyses, the methods are histograms, normal quantile-quantile（Q-- Q） plots,data transformation and Cluster analysis. The results showed that there was strong variation in the values of these variables. Multi-model features in the histograms and multi-kink features in the normal quantile-quantile （Q-Q） plots were observed for these variables implying the existence of multiple populations. Obvious outliers were identified using the normal Q-Q plots. Most of the variables did not pass a Kolmogorov--Smirnov test for either normal or lognormal distribution, and the Box--Cox transformation was effective in transposing data to a form suited to further parametric statistical analyses. Cluster analysis classified the variables into three groups and variables that are affected by different factors such as agricultural activities and industrial pollutions. Land use was found to be the most important influencing factor in studied area.

关 键 词：土壤地球化学变量 数据转换 多变量分析 

分 类 号：S153.61[农业科学—土壤学]