岩体渗透性空间对河谷地下水形态的控制作用——以洮河九甸峡水利枢纽坝区为例  

CONTROLLING ROLE OF ROCK PERMEABLE SPACE TO THE SHAPE OF GROUNDWATER TABLE NEAR A RIVER:A CASE STUDY

作　　者：钱海涛[1,2] 谭朝爽[3] 马平[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地壳应力研究所,北京100085 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [3]长江三峡勘测研究院有限公司(武汉),宜昌443003

出　　处：《工程地质学报》2009年第6期788-795,共8页Journal of Engineering Geology

基　　金：地震局地壳应力研究所基本科研业务专项基金(编号ZDJ2009-07)资助

摘　　要：河谷区的地下水水位线形态表征着河谷区地下水的流场特征,其成因关系到水库渗漏和工程的可行性。岩土体的渗透性对河谷地下水形态具控制性作用,在同一工程区内岩土体渗透性在空间上的分布也常常是不均一的,在我国西南部的高山峡谷地区,岩体的渗透性空间具明显的各向异性和分区分带特征,这使得地下水水位线形态在横剖面上呈现缓U型、斜W型和W型,在河流两岸产生地下水低凹带。通过对甘肃洮河九甸峡坝区地质条件的研究表明,河谷两岸地下水低凹带并非一定是存在强渗流通道所致,河谷区岩体渗透空间具有的分层分带和强各向异性特性足以使得河谷两岸出现地下水低凹带。这有效地解决了因坝区存在地下水低凹带而带来的疑虑和担忧,有力地推动了工程的进展,同时对于其他地区工程的开展具重要的借鉴意义。The shape of the groundwater table is a sign of the characters of the flow field. Its cause of formation is very important to the seepage and feasibility of project. The rock permeability is not uniform in space even in the small district of one project. It has the characters of strong anisotropy and notable zoned phenomenon in those mountain-canyon regions, especially in southwest China. This leads to the result that the profile shapes of groundwater table may be of gentle U shape, gradient W shape or W shape. Such result means a possible occurrence of a special phenomenon that there are strips of lower water table in the bank areas near the river. Moreover, the actual conditions in the district of Jiudianxia hydro-project give an example that the characters of strong anisotropy and notable zone of rock permeability may fully arouse strips of lower water table in the bank though without strong vadose zones, which dispels the worry about the seepage and provides good reference to other hydro-projects.

关 键 词：岩体渗透空间 地下水形态 控制作用 九甸峡水利枢纽 借鉴 

分 类 号：P642.4[天文地球—工程地质学]