耕作方式对玉米秸秆腐解影响的研究  

Tillage Effects of Decomposed Ratio on Corn Straw

作　　者：张宇[1] 陈阜[1] 张海林[1] 陈继康[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院/农业部作物栽培与耕作学重点开放实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《玉米科学》2009年第6期68-73,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2006BAD15B01;2007BAD89B08);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200803028)

摘　　要：利用长期定位试验对翻耕、旋耕、免耕3种不同耕作方式下玉米秸秆腐解特征进行研究,综合评价不同耕作措施对玉米秸秆腐解的影响。结果表明,华北地区至小麦收获为止,玉米秸秆在翻耕、旋耕、免耕方式下的腐解率分别为42.28%、43.56%、33.78%。3种耕作方式下玉米秸秆腐解与相应层次的土壤水分含量具有显著的正相关性,与温度不具有显著的相关性。玉米秸秆腐解率与腐解天数之间具有较高的相关性,回归分析表明二者之间符合三次模型。由于耕作方式改变了农田土壤的水分状况,进而对麦田秸秆腐解具有显著影响,冬小麦生育期间玉米秸秆腐解率依次为翻耕处理>旋耕处理>免耕处理。Long term sited experiment was conducted to study the characteristics of corn straw decomposition under straw returning, conventional tillage and rotary tillage and made a comprehensive evaluation of effects of different tillage on corn decomposition. Results showed that till wheat harvest, the ratio was 42.28% under CT, 43.56% under RT and 33.78% under NT. The ratio was positively correlated to soil moisture content of the same layer and days after straw returned significantly, but there was no significant correlation with soil temperature. Regression analysis showed it was a cube equation between corn straw decomposed ratio and days after returning. Experimental results showed that due to changing farm soil moisture conditions by tillage method, and thus straw decomposition of wheat had a significant effect on corn, straw decomposition rate under CT was the most, SR was the second one and RT was the least one during the winter wheat growing period.

关 键 词：玉米 土壤耕作 秸秆腐解 土壤温度 土壤水分 

分 类 号：S513.04[农业科学—作物学]