不同矮蔓型西葫芦冠层特性的差异及对产量的影响  

CANOPY CHARACTERS DIFFERENCES AND EFFECTS ON YIELD IN DIFFERENT DWARF TYPE ZUCCHINI

作　　者：雷逢进[1,2] 温祥珍[1] 李亚灵[1] 李燕[1] 李晓琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西运城044000

出　　处：《核农学报》2009年第6期1075-1081,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省"十一五"科技攻关项目(2007031027-2);山西省科技产业化环境建设项目(2009071025)

摘　　要：对2007、2008两年在适宜密度下半矮蔓（1．8株／m^2）和矮蔓（2．4株／m^2）各2个西葫芦品种的冠层结构指标与产量进行了研究，结果表明，日光温室中，不同矮蔓型西葫芦品种的冠层结构不同，半矮蔓品种的冠层高度是矮蔓品种的1．63倍，最大叶面积指数较矮蔓品种高1．06，而叶面积密度较矮蔓品种低1．25m^-1；半矮蔓品种的叶片较上举，功能叶片与主茎夹角在45°～65°之间，矮蔓品种的叶片比较平展，功能叶与主茎夹角在65°～90°之间，结果期平均叶倾角（mean tilt angle，MTA）半矮蔓品种大于矮蔓品种；半矮蔓品种冠层的整体受光态势良好，消光系数平均为0．67，矮蔓品种为0．82。半矮蔓品种与矮蔓品种早熟性上差异不显著，但总产量显著高于矮蔓品种，平均增产24．3％，单株产量的显著提高是其增产的主要原因。产量与结果中期的冠层结构指标相关性最大，其次是结果后期，与苗期相关性最小，结果期维持较高较稳的冠层高度、叶面积指数（1eaf area index，IAI），较低的叶面积密度，有利于西葫芦产量的形成。The relationships between canopy structure and yield of semi-dwarf type and dwarf type summer squash varieties, which were planted by appropriate density （semi-bush： 1.8plant/m^2, bush：2.4plant/m^2） in the solar greenhouse from 2007 to 2008, were investigated to understand the morphological base of high production. The results showed that the canopy structure was varying between semi-dwarf and dwarf type spread zucchini varieties. The canopy height of semi-dwarf spread varieties was 1.63 folds to the dwarf species. The largest leaf area index （LAI） of semi-dwarf spread varieties was 1.06 higher than dwarf one, however, its leaf area density was 1.25m-l lower than dwarf varieties. The leaves of semi-dwarf varieties were more upright than dwarf one, whose angle degree between main stem and functional leaves was 45° - 65° vs. 65° - 90° in dwarf plant type. Mean tilt angle （MTA） of semi-dwarf type was bigger than that of dwarf type during fruiting. The canopy of semidwarf plant type could intercept more light and possessed lower average extinction coefficient with 0.67 than dwarf one with 0.82. The mature periods between semi-dwarf varieties and dwarf one were no significant difference. But the total yield of semi-dwarf varieties, with average 24.3 % increasing production, were significant higher than dwarf one due to the increase of per plant. The correlation between yield and canopy structure indices was the closest during the middle stage of fruiting, then during the latter stage of fruiting, and was the smallest during the seedling stage. It was beneficial to yield formation of summer squash to retain stable and higher canopy height , bigger LAI and lower leaf area density.

关 键 词：西葫芦 半矮蔓 矮蔓 冠层结构 产量 

分 类 号：S642.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]